Improving wheat production in the Central and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) region

Tadesse, Wubalem; Amri, Aldicky Faizal; Sánchez-García, Miguel; El‐Bouhssini, M.; Karrou, Mohammed; Patil, S. S.; Bassi, Filippo M.; Baum, Mario; Oweis, Theib

doi:10.19103/as.2016.0004.39

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…2019;1:e190004. https://doi.org/10.20900/cbgg20190004 2012 a new hybridization strategy was defined to re-introduce novel and rare alleles from these types of diverse germplasms [23,24]. In a study across a global panel of durum wheat, Kabbaj et al [25] revealed that modern breeding programs around the World have been very successful in capturing high rates of allelic diversity for common and rare alleles, with ICARDA's program maintaining more than 51% of loci not in fixed state, and 3% of the global richness of rare alleles.…”

Section: Erosion Of Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Gain for Yield and Allelic Diversity over 35 Years of Durum Wheat Breeding at ICARDA

2019

Crop Breed Genet Genom.

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The ICARDA's durum wheat breeding program was established in 1977 in Aleppo, Syria, where it continued its work targeted to the drylands of the developing world until 2012, when it was forced to relocate. This movement represented an occasion to measure the impact of 35 years of public breeding via a detailed genetic gain (GG) study. A total of 22 ICARDA's historical entries representing three decades of work (1974-1984, 1985-1994, or 1995-2004), were placed in competition with elites from the most recent decade (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). A total of 10 environments and 7 sites were used for the assessment. Decade-wise GG for grain yield was measured to reveal >9% (equal 0.9% per year) at 8 of the environments, while no progress was found for the dry and cold conditions of the Atlas Mountains. Combined analysis revealed an average GG per year of 0.7%, mostly driven by earlier flowering and an increase in spike density. The germplasm was also characterized with 60 polymorphic SNPs to reveal that the breeding process has already eroded 6.3% of the original genetic diversity, and that over 3-folds reduction has occurred for rare alleles. Clustering analysis confirmed that two sub-populations have substantially disappeared under the breeding selection pressure. The results presented here show that good progress was made till now, but at the cost of reducing genetic diversity and pushing toward very early genotypes. A revamped strategy is then needed to continue delivering germplasm that is meaningful to breeders worldwide.

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Section: Erosion Of Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Gain for Yield and Allelic Diversity over 35 Years of Durum Wheat Breeding at ICARDA

2019

Crop Breed Genet Genom.

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“…It is typically sown in autumn (September-October) and harvested in mid-summer (July) of the following year, however, weather conditions severely affect the quality of the crop, and frequent changes during the growing season makes it more susceptible to bacterial and fungal pathogens than spring wheat which is grown from April to August. While there are a number of intensive agricultural technologies to improve crop yield and control pathogens, the economics of wheat production is dominated by the need to keep inputs beyond pre-plant bactericide and fungicide treatment and fertilization low to be economical [3]. Therefore, there is a need to augment existing production practices with economical, yet effective seed treatments to increase crop yield and resistance to pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming winter wheat seeds with the bacterial quorum sensing signal N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) shows potential to improve plant growth and seed yield

et al. 2019

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Several model plants are known to respond to bacterial quorum sensing molecules with altered root growth and gene expression patterns and induced resistance to plant pathogens. These compounds may represent novel elicitors that could be applied as seed primers to enhance cereal crop resistance to pathogens and abiotic stress and to improve yields. We investigated whether the acyl-homoserine lactone N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) impacted winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) seed germination, plant development and productivity, using two Ukrainian varieties, Volodarka and Yatran 60, in both in vitro experiments and field trials. In vitro germination experiments indicated that C6-HSL seed priming had a small but significant positive impact on germination levels (1.2x increase, p < 0.0001), coleoptile and radicle development (1.4x increase, p < 0.0001). Field trials over two growing seasons (2015–16 and 2016–17) also demonstrated significant improvements in biomass at the tillering stage (1.4x increase, p < 0.0001), and crop structure and productivity at maturity including grain yield (1.4–1.5x increase, p < 0.0007) and quality (1.3x increase in good grain, p < 0.0001). In some cases variety effects were observed (p ≤ 0.05) suggesting that the effect of C6-HSL seed priming might depend on plant genetics, and some benefits of priming were also evident in F1 plants grown from seeds collected the previous season (p ≤ 0.05). These field-scale findings suggest that bacterial acyl-homoserine lactones such as C6-HSL could be used to improve cereal crop growth and yield and reduce reliance on fungicides and fertilisers to combat pathogens and stress.

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“…To develop durum genotypes with improved yield and adaptability to more frequent incidence of drought and heat stress and/or altered rainfall distribution (Habash et al, 2009;Tadesse et al, 2016), enhancing the genetic background through targeted introgressions is a powerful strategy, given that cultivated germplasm represents only a very small fraction of the variability present in nature (Royo et al, 2009 and references therein;Zaim et al 2017). Wheat-alien introgression experiments conducted in the past proved to be a valid approach to harness the genetic diversity of alien, mostly wild, segments of wheat-related gene pools (Ceoloni et al, 2014b(Ceoloni et al, , 2017aDempewolf et al, 2017;Prohens et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield of chromosomally engineered durum wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum recombinant lines in a range of contrasting rain-fed environments

Kuzmanović

Ruggeri

Able

et al. 2018

Field Crops Research

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Introgressions of Thinopyrum ponticum 7AgL chromosome segments spanning 23%, 28% and 40% of the distal end of durum wheat 7AL arm were previously shown to contain multiple beneficial gene(s)/QTL for yield-related traits. In the present study, durum wheat near isogenic recombinant lines (NIRLs) harbouring each of the three introgressions, were included for the first time in multilocation field trials, to evaluate general and environment-specific effects of the alien chromatin on 25 yield-related traits. The results from 11 different trials across contrasting environments of three countries and five years revealed that the presence of 7AgL chromatin had the strongest positive effect on spike (+11%) and grain number (+9%) m -2 , which represented the main contributors to the observed increases in grain yield and biomass (2-6%). In particular, grain yield was significantly increased (+18%) in 7AgL-carrier NIRLs in the water-limited South Australian environment. NIRLs carrying 23% and 28% 7AgL (named R5 and R112, respectively) displayed 2-30% higher grain yield with respect to the site's mean in most of the tested environments. Thus, also for other positive 7AgL genes they carry (Lr19, Sr25, Yp), they could be readily moved into site-directed breeding pipelines. Across all environments evaluated, the NIRL with a 40%-long 7AgL segment (named R23) resulted in increasing effects on grain number m -2 and spike -1 (averaging 47% and 14%, respectively) when compared with its control (no-7AgL). From comparison with the other NIRLs, this major gene/QTL can be located within the most proximal 28-40% 7AgL region, exclusive to the R23 recombinant..

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Improving wheat production in the Central and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) region

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic Gain for Yield and Allelic Diversity over 35 Years of Durum Wheat Breeding at ICARDA

Genetic Gain for Yield and Allelic Diversity over 35 Years of Durum Wheat Breeding at ICARDA

Priming winter wheat seeds with the bacterial quorum sensing signal N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) shows potential to improve plant growth and seed yield

Yield of chromosomally engineered durum wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum recombinant lines in a range of contrasting rain-fed environments

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