Impulse and 60-cycle characteristics of driven grounds — III effect of lead in ground installation

Bellaschi, P. L.; Armington, R. E.

doi:10.1109/ee.1943.6435780

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…4, the total voltage can be expressed as (17) where and are the inductive and resistive-capacitive voltage components, respectively. Equation (17) can be written as (18) For a grounding electrode with a dominant inductive response, the peak value of occurs at the instant when the current steepness is at its maximum . Also, as mentioned earlier, in a dominantly inductive case, the value of , obtained earlier in (16) , is mainly dependent on the inductance .…”

Section: Inductancementioning

confidence: 99%

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An Improved Circuit-Based Model of a Grounding Electrode by Considering the Current Rate of Rise and Soil Ionization Factors

Mokhtari

Abdul‐Malek

Salam

2015

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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The behavior of a grounding system can be predicted by using either the electrical equivalent circuit models or electromagnetic computation. Despite its advantages over the latter, the equivalent circuit model fails to accurately predict the behavior under transient conditions due to the absence of two key factors, namely: 1) the current rate-of-rise and 2) soil ionization. This paper proposes a method to enhance the performance of the equivalent circuit model by taking into consideration of both mentioned factors. It is discovered that by using the proposed method, the estimated values of and of the equivalent circuit model are improved. The computed inductance dynamically changes with the change in the lightning current parameters, thus improving its accuracy for all current rate-of-rise conditions. The soil ionization effect is implemented as recommended by CIGRE, and this further improves the accuracy of the model. As a result, the voltage response of the model becomes more accurate and comparable to the electromagnetic computation results. Another important feature of the proposed model is that it can be directly applied or connected to power system equipment. Thus, an accurate grounding system effect on the transient performance of key power equipment, such as surge arresters, can be obtained.Index Terms-Circuit modeling, current rate of rise, grounding electrode, soil ionization.

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Section: Inductancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that the parameters of the lightning current, such as amplitude, steepness, and front time affect the voltage responses of the grounding system [17], [18]. However, the steepness and front time are defined different in standards [16], [19].…”

Section: Lightning Current Waveformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Circuit-Based Model of a Grounding Electrode by Considering the Current Rate of Rise and Soil Ionization Factors

Mokhtari

Abdul‐Malek

Salam

2015

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…One of the purposes of obtaining the discharge channel structural parameters is to establish a more accurate transient analysis model for the grounding system. A variety of soil discharge models have been proposed, such as the hemispherical structure model [22], cylindrical structure model [23,24], segmented cylinder model [25] and multizone model [26]. The characteristic parameters of lightning discharge in soil are calculated based on the discharge channel structure in literature [1,2,7], and the transient analysis model of the grounding system is established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Structural Parameters and Analysis Method of Soil Successive Impulse Discharge Channel

Luo

Cao²,

Xie³

et al. 2021

Energies

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The transient analysis model of grounding systems is an important tool to analyze the lightning characteristics of grounding devices. When lightning enters the soil through the grounding device, there is a centralized discharge channel. The spatial structure of the discharge channel in the soil has a great effect on the accuracy of the transient analysis model of the soil impulse discharge. In this paper, based on the gray information analysis method, the volume of successive impulse discharge channels in the ground under various currents and soil conditions is calculated, and the changing law with time interval is analyzed. According to the experimental results, an analysis method of the model considering the discharge channel structure is proposed, and an example is analyzed. The results show that the time interval has an effect on the volume of the discharge channel. In a certain range, the volume of the channel increases with the time interval of successive impulse discharges. Taking the critical breakdown electric field strength as the judgment condition and the residual resistivity as the variable, the development process of the discharge channel can be simulated. The calculated results of the model are close to the experimental results.

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“…Na determinação da referida expressão, o eletrodo de aterramento foi modelado como uma linha de transmissão longa e sem perdas. A partir de metodologia similar, Bellaschi e Armington (1943) avaliaram analiticamente as tensões transitórias no ponto de injeção de eletrodos de aterramento, devido a diferentes formas de onda de corrente. No fim da década de 1940, Sunde apresentou um trabalho pioneiro e publicou um dos livros mais citados na área de aterramentos (Sunde, 1949).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Modelagem de aterramentos elétricos para fenômenos de alta frequência e comparação com resultados experimentais

Alípio

Afonso

Oliveira

et al. 2011

Sba Controle & Automação

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Este artigo apresenta os fundamentos físicos e matemáticos de uma metodologia de cálculo de transitórios eletromagnéticos em aterramentos elétricos, solicitados por fenômenos de alta frequência, por exemplo, aqueles associados à incidência de descargas atmosféricas. As equações resultantes são oriundas da aplicação direta das equações básicas do eletromagnetismo no domínio da frequência, cuja solução é obtida mediante aplicação da técnica numérica Método dos Momentos. Os resultados advindos do modelo proposto são comparados com dados de medição e com resultados de outro modelo, considerado referência na literatura técnica especializada. De tais comparações verifica-se a consistência da modelagem proposta.

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Impulse and 60-cycle characteristics of driven grounds — III effect of lead in ground installation

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

An Improved Circuit-Based Model of a Grounding Electrode by Considering the Current Rate of Rise and Soil Ionization Factors

An Improved Circuit-Based Model of a Grounding Electrode by Considering the Current Rate of Rise and Soil Ionization Factors

Study on Structural Parameters and Analysis Method of Soil Successive Impulse Discharge Channel

Modelagem de aterramentos elétricos para fenômenos de alta frequência e comparação com resultados experimentais

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