Impulse control, working memory and other executive functions in preterm children when starting school

Böhm, Birgitta; Ac, Smedler; Forssberg, Hans

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02938.x

Cited by 121 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It was found that 6-year-old children born with LBW show nonverbal WM deficits, and also planning and cognitive flexibility deficits (26). In another study, WM deficits were found in 5½-year old children born with LBW, but these children had all been born preterm (27). The findings in our experiment suggest that the piglets in our experiment can indeed serve as a model for human SGA infants, and the cognitive pig hole board seems to be a task sensitive enough to detect these mild deficits.…”

Section: Articlesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cognitive performance of low- and normal-birth-weight piglets in a spatial hole-board discrimination task

et al. 2011

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Section: Articlesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cognitive performance of low- and normal-birth-weight piglets in a spatial hole-board discrimination task

et al. 2011

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“…[48][49][50] There is some evidence that preterm boys perform more poorly than girls in general on tests of executive function. 51 However, it is not known whether this represents a group by sex interaction effect or merely a sex effect. Hippocampus, amygdala, and cingulate volumes were reduced in male preterm subjects compared with control subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Volume Reductions within Multiple Cognitive Systems in Male Preterm Children at Age Twelve

Kesler

Reiss

Vohr

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

136

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Objectives-To more precisely examine regional and subregional microstructural brain changes associated with preterm birth.Study design-We obtained brain volumes from 29 preterm children, age 12 years, with no ultrasound scanning evidence of intraventricular hemorrhage or cystic periventricular leukomalacia in the newborn period, and 22 age-and sex-matched term control subjects.Results-Preterm male subjects demonstrated significantly lower white matter volumes in bilateral cingulum, corpus callosum, corticospinal tract, prefrontal cortex, superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi compared with term male subjects. Gray matter volumes in prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and temporal lobe also were significantly reduced in preterm male subjects. Brain volumes of preterm female subjects were not significantly different from those of term female control subjects. Voxel-based morphometry results were not correlated with perinatal variables or cognitive outcome. Higher maternal education was associated with higher cognitive performance in preterm male subjects. Conclusions-Pretermmale children continue to demonstrate abnormal neurodevelopment at 12 years of age. However, brain morphology in preterm female children may no longer differ from that of term female children. The neurodevelopmental abnormalities we detected in preterm male subjects appear to be relatively diffuse, involving multiple neural systems. The relationship between aberrant neurodevelopment and perinatal variables may be mediated by genetic factors, environmental factors, or both reflected in maternal education level.Children born prematurely are at risk for cognitive impairments with deficits in executive functioning, language, visual-motor integration, attention, and scholastic performance. 1 Although neuroimaging studies have begun to provide an initial picture of the neural correlates of preterm birth, 2-7 additional studies are needed to more precisely elucidate the functional neuroanatomy underlying cognitive dysfunction in affected children. In this study, we aimed to more precisely examine regional and subregional microstructural changes associated with this injury to the developing brain by using our 12-year-old prematurely born cohort. We hypothesized that preterm birth would result in long-lasting changes in brain development. Extending our earlier studies, this analysis used voxel-based Several VBM studies of preterm birth have been conducted. 9-12 However, we used VBM analyses as part of a unique, multimodal study of neurodevelopment in preterm children that included semi-automated volumetric and manual region of interest measurements on the basis of specific gyral boundaries to confirm our VBM findings. METHODS SubjectsAll subjects were enrolled in the follow-up component of the Multicenter Randomized Indomethacin IVH Prevention Trial. 13 The preterm subjects were sequentially recruited for the MRI study when they reached 12 years of age. The preterm cohort consisted of children with no ultrasound scanning evidence of intraven...

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“…Executive functions [5,9,10], attention [11,12,20,31,37], memory functions [10,11,20,33], visuomotor and visuospatial functions [11,12,20,33], as well as language functions [11,20,33,40] have been found to be affected by a preterm birth. Neuropsychological functions are usually studied using neuropsychological/psychological tests and test batteries administrated by a psychologist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations between brain volumes, neuropsychological assessment and parental questionnaire in prematurely born children

Lind

Haataja

Rautava

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between brain volumes at term equivalent age and neuropsychological functions at 5 years of age in very low birth weight (VLBW) children, and to compare the results from a neuropsychological assessment and a parental questionnaire at 5 years of age. The study group included a regional cohort of 97 VLBW children and a control group of 161 children born at term. At term equivalent age, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on the VLBW children, and analysed for total and regional brain volumes. At 5 years of age, a psychologist assessed the neuropsychological performance with NEPSY II, and parents completed the Five to fifteen (FTF) questionnaire on development and behaviour. The results of the control group were used to give the age-specific reference values. No significant associations were found between the brain volumes and the NEPSY II domains. As for the FTF, significant associations were found between a smaller total brain tissue volume and poorer executive functions, between a smaller cerebellar volume and both poorer executive functions and motor skills, and, surprisingly, between a larger volume of brainstem and poorer language functions. Even after adjustment for total brain tissue volume, the two associations between the cerebellar volume and the FTF domains remained borderline significant (P = 0.05). The NEPSY II domains Executive Functioning, Language and Motor Skills were significantly associated with the corresponding FTF domains. In conclusion, altered brain volumes at term equivalent age appear to affect development still at 5 years of age. The FTF seems to be a good instrument when used in combination with other neuropsychological assessment

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Impulse control, working memory and other executive functions in preterm children when starting school

Cited by 121 publications

References 34 publications

Cognitive performance of low- and normal-birth-weight piglets in a spatial hole-board discrimination task

Cognitive performance of low- and normal-birth-weight piglets in a spatial hole-board discrimination task

Brain Volume Reductions within Multiple Cognitive Systems in Male Preterm Children at Age Twelve

Relations between brain volumes, neuropsychological assessment and parental questionnaire in prematurely born children

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