“…For a given random variable or vector x, E(x) denotes its mathematical expectation. [15], [16], [18], [19], [23], [24], [26], [38], and [39], the communication topology of the MAS is modeled by (M+N) are the node set, the directed edge set, and the adjacency matrix, respectively. Node v i denotes agent i; ij ∈ E G means that there is an information flow from agent i to agent j; and α ji denotes the weight associated with the directed edge ij .…”