In a randomized trial, outcomes were not affected by intensive follow-up over 1 year

Farmer, Andrew; Doll, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.02.016

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These results are therefore consistent with those of a similar study recently published in this journal [6], although as noted above, we believe that the design of the present study allows greater confidence in this conclusion than the earlier study.…”

Section: Outcome Variablesupporting

confidence: 94%

“…We believe there are three plausible explanations for the discrepancy between our results and those of previous laboratory-based research [5,6]. First, the designs differed.…”

Section: Outcome Variablecontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…It is particularly timely to examine potential measurement artifacts in questionnaires about screening for type 2 diabetes, given that a screening program is under consideration by the National Screening Committee [8] and that several studies examining this issue have recently been published [9]. Importantly, the present study has neither of the limitations of the study that have just been discussed [6]. Participants were invited ''cold'' from general practice registers and did not receive any invitations to screening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A study was recently published in this journal that aimed to test whether these measurement artifacts can affect the levels of anxiety and well being reported in a sample of people screened for type 2 diabetes [6]. After an initial baseline assessment, participants were randomized to receive either a single follow-up questionnaire 12 months later, or follow-up questionnaires at 1, 3, and 12 months later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Completing a postal health questionnaire did not affect anxiety or related measures: randomized controlled trial

French

Eborall

Griffin

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

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Section: Outcome Variablesupporting

confidence: 94%

“…We believe there are three plausible explanations for the discrepancy between our results and those of previous laboratory-based research [5,6]. First, the designs differed.…”

Section: Outcome Variablecontrasting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Completing a postal health questionnaire did not affect anxiety or related measures: randomized controlled trial

French

Eborall

Griffin

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

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“…In another randomised controlled study examining psychological responses to different follow-up schedules, participants who underwent a screening test for type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated to either limited follow-up, with a single questionnaire at 1 year, or to intensive follow-up, with questionnaires completed at 1, 6 and 12 months after screening (Farmer and Doll, 2005). No significant differences between the 2 groups were found in the proportion of 1 year questionnaires returned (p = 0.08), as well as levels of anxiety according to scores on the short form of the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory taken at 1 year (p = 0.13).…”

Section: • Medicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for type 2 diabetes in Indigenous Australians: guideline recommendations and current practice

Paul

Ishiguchi

DʼEste

et al. 2017

Medical Journal of Australia

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Objectives: To determine the proportion of Aboriginal Controlled Community Health Service (ACCHS) patients tested according to three national diabetes testing guidelines; to investigate whether specific patient characteristics were associated with being tested. Design, setting and participants: Cross‐sectional study of 20 978 adult Indigenous Australians not diagnosed with diabetes attending 18 ACCHSs across Australia. De‐identified electronic whole service data for July 2010 – June 2013 were analysed. Main outcomes measures: Proportions of patients appropriately screened for diabetes according to three national guidelines for Indigenous Australians: National Health and Medical Research Council (at least once every 3 years for those aged 35 years or more); Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and Diabetes Australia (at least once every 3 years for those aged 18 years or more); National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (annual testing of those aged 18 years or more at high risk of diabetes). Results: 74% (95% CI, 74–75%) of Indigenous adults and 77% (95% CI, 76–78%) of 10 760 patients aged 35 or more had been tested for diabetes at least once in the past 3 years. The proportions of patients tested varied between services (range: all adults, 16–90%; people aged 35 years or more, 23–92%). 18% (95% CI, 18–19%) of patients aged 18 or more were tested for diabetes annually (range, 0.1–43%). Patients were less likely to be tested if they were under 50 years of age, were transient rather than current patients of the ACCHS, or attended the service less frequently. Conclusions: Some services achieved high rates of 3‐yearly testing of Indigenous Australians for diabetes, but recommended rates of annual testing were rarely attained. ACCHSs may need assistance to achieve desirable levels of testing.

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Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires

Edwards,

Roberts,

Clarke

et al. 2023

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Self‐administered questionnaires are widely used to collect data in epidemiological research, but non‐response reduces the effective sample size and can introduce bias. Finding ways to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires would improve the quality of epidemiological research. Objectives To identify effective strategies to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires. Search methods We searched 14 electronic databases up to December 2021 and manually searched the reference lists of relevant trials and reviews. We contacted the authors of all trials or reviews to ask about unpublished trials; where necessary, we also contacted authors to confirm the methods of allocation used and to clarify results presented. Selection criteria Randomised trials of methods to increase response to postal or electronic questionnaires. We assessed the eligibility of each trial using pre‐defined criteria. Data collection and analysis We extracted data on the trial participants, the intervention, the number randomised to intervention and comparison groups and allocation concealment. For each strategy, we estimated pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in a random‐effects model. We assessed evidence for selection bias using Egger's weighted regression method and Begg's rank correlation test and funnel plot. We assessed heterogeneity amongst trial odds ratios using a Chi 2 test and quantified the degree of inconsistency between trial results using the I 2 statistic. Main results Postal We found 670 eligible trials that evaluated over 100 different strategies of increasing response to postal questionnaires. We found substantial heterogeneity amongst trial results in half of the strategies. The odds of response almost doubled when: using monetary incentives (odds ratio (OR) 1.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73 to 1.99; heterogeneity I 2 = 85%); using a telephone reminder (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.03 to 3.74); and when clinical outcome questions were placed last (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.00 to 4.24). The odds of response increased by about half when: using a shorter questionnaire (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.40 to 1.78); contacting participants before sending questionnaires (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.51; I 2 = 87%); incentives were given with questionnaires (i.e. unconditional) rather than when given only after participants had returned their questionnaire (i.e. conditional on response) (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.35 to 1.74); using personalised SMS reminders (OR 1.53; 95% CI 0.97 to 2.42); using a special (recorded) delivery service (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.36 to 2.08; I 2 = 87%); using electronic reminders (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.33); using intensive follo...

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In a randomized trial, outcomes were not affected by intensive follow-up over 1 year

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Completing a postal health questionnaire did not affect anxiety or related measures: randomized controlled trial

Completing a postal health questionnaire did not affect anxiety or related measures: randomized controlled trial

Testing for type 2 diabetes in Indigenous Australians: guideline recommendations and current practice

Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires

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