In Between Hogging and Passing the Mic; Or, the Unintended Consequences of Networked Radio in Ghana

Abstract

This paper explores the relationship between networked radio, media participation, and accountability in Ghana. Specifically, we examine how networked radio, the hybrid media space that is the convergence of radio and social media practices, works as a means of democratic accountability through citizen participation in media. We do this through an analysis of how two English-speaking radio stations in Ghana act as intermediaries between citizens and the state, underscoring how the networked elements of radio production facilitate public discourse and make the state less opaque to citizens. We show that while networked radio does provide multiple opportunities for media participation, this participation is relatively passive for the majority of listeners, in part because producers face increased interactivity in-studio and must employ gate-keeping tactics to fit the constraints of airtime. This trade-off inadvertently privileges elite voices over others, even if the radio stations work to diversify the voices heard on air. Still, networked radio provides a limited but necessary alternative to exacting accountability from public officials as those very dynamics of participation elicit the state’s responsiveness more regularly than the formal routes established for those purposes. Accordingly, we characterize Ghanaian networked radio as caught between ‘hogging the mic’ for an elite group of listeners and ‘passing the mic’ between them, the state, and the broader citizenry that constitute the listening public.

Frequency and Adequacy of Media Information on the Sustainable Development Goals: A Ghanaian Case Study

“…Media provides diverse pieces of information on various social, economic and political issues to shape a society. It is increasingly recognized that media information and discourses on issues including rule of law, checks and balances, human rights and abuses of power are essential for triggering progress in every society (Nikoi & Avle, 2022). Additionally, media spread information and provide education on health issues and safety precautions to promote healthy living.…”

“…Ghana has a very vibrant media environment. The country has seen a rising pluralized media sector in recent times (Nikoi & Avle, 2022). The media industry has become a predominant mechanism through which Ghanaians participate in democratic governance.…”

“…been described as the fourth estate, agenda setter, watchdog, force multiplier and gate-keeper (Broeckert, 2003;Norris, 2006). They epitomize an important tool for shaping public opinions and promote democratic rule and good governance (Broeckert, 2003;Jacobs & Schillemans, 2016;Nikoi & Avle, 2022). Media influences behavior, facilitates nation-building and promotes public and social policies which guarantee improved lives of people (Hornick, 1998;Waisbord, 2001).…”

“…Media influences behavior, facilitates nation-building and promotes public and social policies which guarantee improved lives of people (Hornick, 1998;Waisbord, 2001). Generally, media acts as vanguard for political, economic, social and cultural development (Nikoi & Avle, 2022). Literature (McCombs & Reynolds, 2002;Sciarini & Tresch, 2019) shows that media has the capacity to dictate the kind of issues which are deemed relevant to the public.…”