In-car particulate matter exposure across ten global cities

Kumar, Prashant; Hama, Sarkawt; Nogueira, Thiago; Abbass, Rana Alaa; Brand, Veronika S.; Andrade, María de Fátima; Asfaw, Araya; Aziz, Kosar Hikmat Hama; Cao, Shi-Jie; El-Gendy, Ahmed S.; Islam, Shariful; Jeba, Farah; Khare, Mukesh; Mamuya, Simon; Martinez, Jenny; Meng, Ming-Rui; Morawska, Lidia; Muula, Adamson S; Nagendra, S.M. Shiva; Ngowi, Aiwerasia Vera; Omer, Khalid M.; Morales, Yris Olaya; Osano, Philip; Salam, Abdus

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141395

Cited by 65 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Bangladesh is one of the top most country for air pollution [60]. Atmospheric deposition of toxic metals in agricultural field and surface water have significant influence on pollution [4,60,61,62]. Urban rivers received higher amount of metals through atmospheric deposition each year.…”

Section: Sources Of Water Pollution In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban river pollution in Bangladesh during last 40 years: potential public health and ecological risk, present policy, and future prospects toward smart water management

Uddin

Jeong

2021

Heliyon

129

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River water is very much important for domestic, agriculture and industrial use in Bangladesh which is in critical condition from long time based on research data. During last 40 years, extreme pollution events occurred in peripheral rivers surrounding Dhaka city and Karnaphuli River in Chittagong city. Present data showed that other urban rivers are also in critical condition especially Korotoa, Teesta, Rupsha, Pashur and Padma. The pollutants flowing with water made a severe pollution in downstream areas of rivers. Metals concentrations in river water was found to be higher in dry season. Dissolve oxygen (DO) was nearly zero in Buriganga River and several points in Turag, Balu, Sitalakhya and Karnaphuli River. NO 3 - , NO 2 - and PO 4 3- pollution occurred in different rivers. Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, As and Cr concentration was above drinking water standard in most of the river and some metals was even above irrigation standard in water from several rivers. Sediment data showed very much higher metal concentrations in most of the rivers especially peripheral rivers in Dhaka and Karnaphuli, Korotoa, Teesta, Rupsha and Meghna River. Metal concentrations in sediment was above US EPA threshold value in most of the rivers. Metal concentrations in fish and agricultural crops showed that bioaccumulations of metals had occurred. The concentration of metals showed the trend like: water

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Section: Sources Of Water Pollution In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban river pollution in Bangladesh during last 40 years: potential public health and ecological risk, present policy, and future prospects toward smart water management

Uddin

Jeong

2021

Heliyon

129

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“…Six laser particle counters (Dylos1700) were used to measure concentrations of fine (PM 2.5 ; aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm) and coarse (PM 10 ; aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm) aerosol particles at different adjacent seats (Figure 5). These aerosol monitors have been successfully deployed in previous work [37,38]. As for the CO 2 experiments, a 75% forced cooling setting was used for the "ventilation on" period of these experiments.…”

Section: Aerosol Dispersion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Flow Experiments on a Train Carriage—Towards Understanding the Risk of Airborne Transmission

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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A series of experiments was undertaken on an intercity train carriage aimed at providing a “proof of concept” for three methods in improving our understanding of airflow behaviour and the accompanied dispersion of exhaled droplets. The methods used included the following: measuring CO2 concentrations as a proxy for exhaled breath, measuring the concentrations of different size fractions of aerosol particles released from a nebuliser, and visualising the flow patterns at cross-sections of the carriage by using a fog machine and lasers. Each experiment succeeded in providing practical insights into the risk of airborne transmission. For example, it was shown that the carriage is not well mixed over its length, however, it is likely to be well mixed along its height and width. A discussion of the suitability of the fresh air supply rates on UK train carriages is also provided, drawing on the CO2 concentrations measured during these experiments.

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“…Air pollutants are produced due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels that are emitted from artificial activities such as industries, vehicles, and construction processes. As a result of air pollution events, many critical pollutants including particulate matters (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ) are released into the environment in which they could be related to lower rainfall amounts and impact the human respiratory, circulatory, and central nervous systems (Kumar et al 2021;Sangkham et al 2021;Singh et al 2021). As the respiratory system is the main route of COVID-19 transmission, humans exposed to COVID-19 can be infected through person-toperson and airborne transmission (Domingo et al 2020;Rahimi et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal analysis of COVID-19, air pollution, climate, and meteorological conditions in a metropolitan region of Iran

Moazeni

Maracy

Dehdashti

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The COVID-19 pandemic has a close relationship with local environmental conditions. This study explores the effects of climate characteristics and air pollution on COVID-19 in Isfahan province, Iran. A number of COVID-19 positive cases, main air pollutants, air quality index (AQI), and climatic variables were received from March 1, 2020, to January 19, 2021. Moreover, CO, NO 2 , and O 3 tropospheric levels were collected using Sentinel-5P satellite data. The spatial distribution of variables was estimated by the ordinary Kriging and inverse weighted distance (IDW) models. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to analyze the relationship between environmental variables and COVID-19. The seasonal trend of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), wind speed, solar energy, and rainfall like COVID-19 was upward in spring and summer. The high and low temperatures increased from April to August. All variables had a spatial autocorrelation and clustered pattern except AQI. Furthermore, COVID-19 showed a significant association with month, climate, solar energy, and NO 2 . Suitable policy implications are recommended to be performed for improving people's healthcare and control of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study could survey the local spread of COVID-19, with consideration of the effect of environmental variables, and provides helpful information to health ministry decisions for mitigating harmful effects of environmental change. By means of the proposed approach, probably the COVID-19 spread can be recognized by knowing the regional climate in major cities. The present study also finds that COVID-19 may have an effect on climatic condition and air pollutants.

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In-car particulate matter exposure across ten global cities

Cited by 65 publications

References 66 publications

Urban river pollution in Bangladesh during last 40 years: potential public health and ecological risk, present policy, and future prospects toward smart water management

Urban river pollution in Bangladesh during last 40 years: potential public health and ecological risk, present policy, and future prospects toward smart water management

Air Flow Experiments on a Train Carriage—Towards Understanding the Risk of Airborne Transmission

Spatiotemporal analysis of COVID-19, air pollution, climate, and meteorological conditions in a metropolitan region of Iran

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