In-Cylinder Measurements of Soot Production in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine

Kittelson, David B.; Pipho, M. J.; Ambs, Jeffrey L.; Luo, Lang

doi:10.4271/880344

Cited by 27 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These phases are used to follow the transformation of fuel in the combustion cycle. Kittelson et al (1988) observed that soot concentration, heat release and fuel injection data were related to one another. There was a longer delay between the start of combustion and the start of soot formation for high equivalence ratio which was due to a 3 slightly longer premixed burning phase at high load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Alternative Diesel Fuels on Heat Release Curves for Cummins N14-410 Diesel Engine

Ali¹,

Hanna²,

Borg³

1996

Transactions of the ASAE

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A Cummins N14-410 engine was operated on twelve fuels produced by blending methyl tallowate, methyl soyate and fuel ethanol with No.2 diesel fuel. Engine in-cylinder pressure data were collected and used to evaluate the rate of heat release, mass fraction of fuel burned and charge temperature with respect to crank angle. It was observed that the rate of heat release decreased with increasing engine speed. Peak rates of heat release for a// fuel blends were less than for No.2 diesel fuel. When methyl tallowate was blended with No.2 diesel fuel, the shift in the location of peak heat release was away from top dead center (TDC) whereas the addition of ethanol to the blend shifted the location towards TDC. Ignition delay sltghtly decreased when methyl tallowate was blended with diesel fuel. However, ignition delays were not Acted by the methyl tallowate content of the blend. The addition of ethanol to the fuel blends did not affect ignition delay. The charge temperature decreased with decrease in diesel content of the fuel blends. A reduction in charge temperature can reduce NO, emissions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Alternative Diesel Fuels on Heat Release Curves for Cummins N14-410 Diesel Engine

Ali¹,

Hanna²,

Borg³

1996

Transactions of the ASAE

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show abstract

“…In the overall soot-formation process, shown schematically in figure 1, oxidation of soot occurs when soot or soot precursors are burned in the presence of oxidizing agents. Approximate estimates of the mean soot concentration inside a typical combustion chamber suggest that most (40-90%) of the soot formed is oxidized prior to the exhaust [20][21][22]. The engine-out soot emissions are hence dependent on the balance between the processes of formation and oxidation of soot.…”

Section: Constituents Of Diesel Particulates and Their Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of particulate mass concentration using a tapered-element oscillating microbalance and a flame ionization detector

Chan

1999

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Measurement of particulate mass concentration in the exhaust of automotive engines by means of the filter sampling method prescribed by the USA's Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is tedious, costly, time consuming and labour intensive. This paper presents a new approach, which is capable of measuring real-time particulate mass emissions in the exhaust of a diesel engine by using a tapered-element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) and a fast-response flame ionization detector (FID). The measuring principle rests on the fact that, by operating the TEOM at 50 °C, water interference is minimized, albeit at the expense of reducing the hydrocarbon content condensed on the particles. This is corrected by a method that consists of a measurement of hydrocarbon gas concentration, used with an empirical correction factor to recover what the filter sampling method would produce. The time resolution for the measurement using this new method is limited by the sampling window of the TEOM which is 0.42 s, though the response of the FID offers a time resolution of milliseconds. Results show that the mass concentration of particulate matter measured by TEOM and FID is well correlated to that based on the conventional EPA filter sampling method. Keywords: particulate mass concentration, tapered-element oscillating microbalance, flame ionization detector, diesel exhaust particulate measurement, correlation to EPA (USA) standard

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Emissions and Heat Transfer in Combustion Systems

Daisho¹

1993

Advanced Combustion Science

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In-Cylinder Measurements of Soot Production in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of Alternative Diesel Fuels on Heat Release Curves for Cummins N14-410 Diesel Engine

Effect of Alternative Diesel Fuels on Heat Release Curves for Cummins N14-410 Diesel Engine

Measurements of particulate mass concentration using a tapered-element oscillating microbalance and a flame ionization detector

Emissions and Heat Transfer in Combustion Systems

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