In-Cylinder Temperature Measurements in a Motored IC Engine using TDLAS

Bürkle, Sebastian; Biondo, Luigi; Ding, Carl-Philipp; Honza, Rene; Ebert, Volker; Böhm, Benjamin; Wagner, Steven

doi:10.1007/s10494-017-9886-y

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Fundamentally, the dTDLAS evaluation requires spatial homogeneity in gas temperature and matrix gas composition Sepman et al 2017;Bürkle et al 2018). If the homogeneity requirement is not fulfilled, which is typically the case in industrial applications, the question needs to be answered, what systematic deviation arises and how can those be quantified and minimized (Ouyang and Varghese 1989;Goldenstein et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Towards a dTDLAS-Based Spectrometer for Absolute HCl Measurements in Combustion Flue Gases and a Better Evaluation of Thermal Boundary Layer Effects

Nwaboh

Werhahn

et al. 2020

Flow Turbulence Combust

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This work presents a mid-IR direct tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (dTDLAS)-based HCl spectrometer, which is specially designed and optimized to measure HCl concentration in combustion exhaust gas matrices (i.e. elevated gas temperatures, high water vapour and CO2 contents). The work is motivated by (legal) requirements for monitoring combustion emissions from large-scale power stations or biomass burning domestic boilers. In our novel dTDLAS HCl spectrometer we use a low power room temperature mid-IR ICL diode laser to access the HCl P5 line at 2775.76 cm−1 in the 1-0 vibrational band which was especially selected for gas matrixes with high CO2 and H2O admixtures. With this set-up we demonstrate at 77 cm path length, total pressure from 320 hPa to 954 hPa, room temperature and at 110 s of signal averaging an optimal precision of 0.17 µmol/mol (ppm). Gas monitoring in combustion applications and elevated gas temperatures are prone to systematic errors caused by spectroscopic falsifications in colder gas boundary layers (BL) unavoidable in the high temperature gas ducts. These BL lead, e.g. to temperature, matrix composition or target gas concentration gradients near walls, which also influence the spectroscopic raw signal via their temperature and collision partner dependence. Depending on the chosen spectral line these can cause significant systematic deviations in in-situ, line-of-sight (LOS) laser spectrometers. For an improved understanding of the quantitative effects of thermal BL on our LOS HCl dTDLAS spectrometer and better representing real BL, we expanded our spectroscopic BL simulation model to allow for continuous (linear) instead of the previous stepwise changes. From the new simulation results, we deduce systematic relative deviations in the extracted HCl-concentration to be up to 10% depending on the magnitude of the BL changes and the choice of the “representative” single temperature measurement. With this simulation model, a user can now derive the system’s systematic deviation based on assumptions on the present temperature gradients. The model also helps the user to choose the gas temperature measurement location in his process, in order to minimize the spatial heterogeneity effects.

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confidence: 99%

Towards a dTDLAS-Based Spectrometer for Absolute HCl Measurements in Combustion Flue Gases and a Better Evaluation of Thermal Boundary Layer Effects

Nwaboh

Werhahn

et al. 2020

Flow Turbulence Combust

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“…changes to the compression ratio). Some boundary conditions, like the cylinder head wall temperature distribution, are difficult to assess by measurement in the required temporal and spatial resolution and therefore have to be estimated (see Hamzehei and Rashidi 15 and Bu¨rkle et al 16 ) Therefore, calibrating models to match measurement data in engine development is an essential but time consuming task. 5 When considering the identification and quantification of parameter deviations in combustion engines, most publications focus on the calibration of combustion models and engine subsystems.…”

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confidence: 99%

A new method to determine the causes of deviation in cylinder pressure curves of motored reciprocating piston engines

Mahrle

Held

Huber

et al. 2021

International Journal of Engine Research

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Simulation calibration of modern engines to test bench measurements, mainly matching the indicated pressure curves in the combustion chamber, is a time consuming task that requires high user experience to manage a multitude of adjustment parameters. In the scope of this work an automated process for calibrating simulations at motored engine operating points is presented. This is achieved using characteristic pressure deviation curves, based on 1D simulations of a simplified base model. They incorporate the dimensionless deviation of the cylinder pressure originating from one parameter. A set of these curves is scaled and superposed to recreate the original pressure deviation between simulation and measurement. The scaling factor is used to quantify each parameter’s suggested adjustment value. This work presents the workflow of creating the characteristic pressure deviation curves, matching the deviation between measurement and simulation and determining the adjustment values. Further, the methodology is tested for interference of different parameters. A series of applications, ranging from 1D and 3D CFD simulation test cases to real world applications in different engines, concludes this work.

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“…A self-stabilizing retro reflector approach is tested in order to compensate for stronger and more dynamic beam steering present within the flow cell and to extend the optical path length. Retroreflective setups have been successfully applied in combustion applications, where the transmitted beam was either coupled to a MMF or directly focused on a detector [28,30,31]. Furthermore, significantly lower water mole fractions can be measured with shorter integration times when compared to the previously applied Raman technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Analysis of the Fluorescent Tracer 1-Methylnaphthalene for IC Engine Applications by Supercontinuum Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

Fendt

Retzer

Ulrich

et al. 2020

Sensors

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1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) is a widely used laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) tracer for planar imaging of mixture formation and temperature distributions in internal combustion (IC) engines. As the LIF measurement results can be biased by partial tracer oxidation, the conversion of 1-MN and the base fuel isooctane is analyzed in a calibration cell. First, measurements using supercontinuum laser absorption spectroscopy (SCLAS) are presented in order to quantify the conversion by detection of the produced H2O mole fraction. A single mode fiber (SMF) coupled setup is presented, with the fiber core acting as entrance slit of a Czerny-Turner spectrometer. Dependencies on residence time and global air-fuel ratio are presented at pressures up to 1.5 MPa and temperatures up to 900 K, at which distinct tracer and fuel consumption is observed. Signal loss due to intense beam steering was partially compensated using a self-stabilizing double-pass setup with a retroreflector.

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In-Cylinder Temperature Measurements in a Motored IC Engine using TDLAS

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Towards a dTDLAS-Based Spectrometer for Absolute HCl Measurements in Combustion Flue Gases and a Better Evaluation of Thermal Boundary Layer Effects

Towards a dTDLAS-Based Spectrometer for Absolute HCl Measurements in Combustion Flue Gases and a Better Evaluation of Thermal Boundary Layer Effects

A new method to determine the causes of deviation in cylinder pressure curves of motored reciprocating piston engines

Stability Analysis of the Fluorescent Tracer 1-Methylnaphthalene for IC Engine Applications by Supercontinuum Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

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