In Exile

Brandt, Willy

doi:10.9783/9781512801040

Cited by 4 publications

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“…and was particularly anxious to enrich this picture with personal contacts', wrote Brandt. 30 Although he spent the first nineteen years of his life in his hometown, in April 1933 'the young shipbroker's apprentice pressed his possessions into a small attaché case and, with only a hundred [Reichsmarks] in his pocket, escaped Hitler's Reich as a stowaway on a fishing vessel'. 31 Like Brandt, González also spent the first twenty years of his life in his hometown and experienced his first extended stay away from home abroad.…”

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“…I took that choice, and I have never regretted it, because it offered me not only the chance to learn but also to resist', wrote Brandt. 32 González's experience abroad was also one related to learning and activism. After graduating in law from the University of Seville, González took up a Catholic trade union scholarship at the University of Louvain in Belgium, where he improved his French and studied economics during the 1965-6 academic year.…”

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‘Like Father, Like Son’: Willy Brandt and Felipe González: Democracy, Social Democracy and Internationalism in Motion in the Late Cold War

Arcos

2022

Contemporary European History

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The article sheds light on the significant and understudied bond between West German Chancellor and Nobel Peace Laureate Willy Brandt and Spanish President Felipe González. It is based on interviews with senior policy makers; archival material from the Ebert Foundation in Bonn; fresh material from Austria, Spain, Sweden, Portugal and the United States, and exclusive additional private papers. Drawing on these sources, the article identifies the three key political-intellectual pillars – democracy, social democracy and internationalism – that sustained their special ‘father–son’ relationship and discusses their shared desire to project their brand of socialism across Europe and the world. In doing so, it also sheds light on how personal guidance, assistance and exchange, linked with institutional support, contributed to the expansion of democracy and social democracy in the late Cold War.

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‘Like Father, Like Son’: Willy Brandt and Felipe González: Democracy, Social Democracy and Internationalism in Motion in the Late Cold War

Arcos

2022

Contemporary European History

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Freedom from Fear

Mayers¹

1999

Wars and Peace

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The War of Governments against their Opposition in Exile

Shain¹

1989

Gov. & oppos.

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The activities of political exiles have long been a source of unease for governments. In the mid-nineteenth century, for example, the French Emperor, Napoleon 111, was in constant terror of plots against his life by French exiles. In 1850 the Bonapartist dictatorship established the French Political Police to suppress subversive acts against the regime said to be instigated by political exiles in England. Napoleon himself declared that 'until the [exile] problem was solved, it would never be safe in France "to relax the present system" of authoritarian regime'.' Similarly the Tsarist government feared Russian exile groups in Western Europe and moved to suppress them. From the revolutionary days of Alexander Herzen until Lenin's victorious homecoming in 1917, Tsarist police agents strove to destroy the connection between domestic opponents of the regime and exiled revolutionaries, and used a variety of means to infiltrate and eliminate the Russian emigrt forces.' Operating from outside their respective states and often under the shelter of sympathetic governments, exile groups may have a better opportunity than an internally-based opposition to carry on a forceful campaign against the home regime. As a student of the African National Congress (ANC) observed, in times of total repression of the domestic opposition, the terrain of exile 'can provide protections, security, powerful forms of external support, factors and conditions which facilitate the development and quality of organization unattainable in the precarious circumstances of opposition politics within the homeland'.' Indeed, in some cases, the exiles' campaigns are the only indication of an active opposition to the home regime, an indisputable proof of the falseness of the regime's claim that the nation is unified behind its leadership. Mussohi, for example, was

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In Exile

Cited by 4 publications

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‘Like Father, Like Son’: Willy Brandt and Felipe González: Democracy, Social Democracy and Internationalism in Motion in the Late Cold War

‘Like Father, Like Son’: Willy Brandt and Felipe González: Democracy, Social Democracy and Internationalism in Motion in the Late Cold War

Freedom from Fear

The War of Governments against their Opposition in Exile

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