In-Field Calibration of a Multi-Mode Antenna for DoA Estimation

Pöhlmann, Robert; Staudinger, Emanuel; Zhang, Siwei; Caizzone, Stefano; Dammann, Armin; Hoeher, Peter Adam

doi:10.23919/eucap51087.2021.9411463

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Applying wavefield modeling and manifold separation, the in-situ calibration of antenna arrays, collocated antennas, MMAs and other antenna types is treated in a common framework. By this paper, we considerably extend our early work [41]. The main contributions are as follows:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Bayesian In-Situ Calibration of Multiport Antennas for DoA Estimation: Theory and Measurements

et al. 2022

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The DoA of radio waves is used for many applications, e.g. the localization of autonomous robots and smart vehicles. Estimating the DoA is possible with a multiport antenna, e.g. an antenna array or a multi-mode antenna (MMA). In practice, DoA estimation performance decisively depends on accurate knowledge of the antenna response, which makes antenna calibration vital. As the antenna surroundings influence its response, it is necessary to measure the entire device with installed antenna to obtain the installed antenna response. Antenna calibration is often done in a dedicated measurement chamber, which can be inconvenient and costly, especially for larger devices. Thus, auto-and in-situ calibration methods aim at making antenna calibration in a measurement chamber redundant. However, existing auto-and in-situ calibration methods are restricted to certain antenna types and certain calibrations. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian in-situ calibration algorithm based on a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator, which is suitable for arbitrary multiport antennas. The algorithm uses received signals from a transmitter, noisy external DoA observations, takes multipath propagation into account and does not require synchronization. Furthermore, we take an estimation theoretic perspective and provide an in-depth theoretical discussion of in-situ antenna calibration in unknown propagation conditions based on Bayesian information and the Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound (BCRB). Extensive simulations show that the proposed algorithm operates close to the BCRB and the achieved DoA estimation performance asymptotically approaches the case of a perfectly known antenna response. Finally, we provide an experimental validation, where we calibrate the antenna on a robotic rover and evaluate the DoA estimation performance using measurement data. With the proposed in-situ antenna calibration algorithm, DoA estimation performance is considerably improved compared to using an antenna response obtained by simulation or in a measurement chamber.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Bayesian In-Situ Calibration of Multiport Antennas for DoA Estimation: Theory and Measurements

et al. 2022

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“…The knowledge of radiation patterns of antennas and arrays is essential in localization and sensing, while it is less important in communications but would enhance the link performance in, e.g., beam searching. Antenna and array calibration methods, in an anechoic chamber or over-the-air, would be an important technical element [13].…”

Section: A Antennas and Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Radio Requirements to Support Integrated Communication, Localization, and Sensing

Wymeersch

Pärssinen

Abrudan

et al. 2022

2022 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications &Amp; 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)

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6G will be characterized by extreme use cases, not only for communication, but also for localization, and sensing. The use cases can be directly mapped to requirements in terms of standard key performance indicators (KPIs), such as data rate, latency, or localization accuracy. The goal of this paper is to go one step further and map these standard KPIs to requirements on signals, on hardware architectures, and on deployments. Based on this, system solutions can be identified that can support several use cases simultaneously. Since there are several ways to meet the KPIs, there is no unique solution and preferable configurations will be discussed.

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“…When the antenna is installed in its final position, the antenna response will be different due to the influence of the surrounding structure or mounting platform, which leads to impaired DoA estimation performance. When an additional sensor is available, the true antenna response can be estimated by in-situ calibration [2]. However, without additional sensors or when the surroundings of the antenna are reconfigurable, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Localization and Antenna Calibration

Pöhlmann

Zhang

Staudinger

et al. 2022

2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

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Cooperative localization fills the gap in scenarios where global navigation satellite system (GNSS) reception is denied or impaired. Position and orientation information is then often provided based on signal round-trip time (RTT) and direction-of-arrival (DoA). Obtaining a meaningful RTT requires calibrated transceiver group delays, and accurate DoA estimation requires antenna calibration. Usually, such calibrations are performed once before operation. However, calibration parameters can change over time, e.g. due to varying temperature of RF components or reconfigurable antenna surroundings. To cope with that, we propose to estimate antenna responses and ranging biases simultaneously with positions and orientations by simultaneous localization and calibration (SLAC). We derive a SLAC algorithm based on Bayesian filtering, which is suitable for arbitrary antenna types. The algorithm is evaluated with measurement data from robotic rovers. We show, that ranging and DoA performance is improved considerably, leading to better position and orientation accuracy with SLAC.

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In-Field Calibration of a Multi-Mode Antenna for DoA Estimation

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Bayesian In-Situ Calibration of Multiport Antennas for DoA Estimation: Theory and Measurements

Bayesian In-Situ Calibration of Multiport Antennas for DoA Estimation: Theory and Measurements

6G Radio Requirements to Support Integrated Communication, Localization, and Sensing

Simultaneous Localization and Antenna Calibration

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