In first presentation adolescent anorexia nervosa, do cognitive markers of underweight status change with weight gain following a refeeding intervention?

Hatch, Ainslie; Madden, Sloane; Kohn, Michael; Clarke, Simon; Touyz, Stephen; Gordon, Evian; Williams, Leanne M.

doi:10.1002/eat.20695

Cited by 90 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Biological validation against brain measures has also been established in the same participants [56,59,61-63]. The touchscreen cognitive assessments have demonstrated utility in clinical groups [64-69]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment for Depression (iSPOT-D), a randomized clinical trial: rationale and protocol

Williams

Rush

Koslow

et al. 2011

Trials

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BackgroundClinically useful treatment moderators of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have not yet been identified, though some baseline predictors of treatment outcome have been proposed. The aim of iSPOT-D is to identify pretreatment measures that predict or moderate MDD treatment response or remission to escitalopram, sertraline or venlafaxine; and develop a model that incorporates multiple predictors and moderators.Methods/DesignThe International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment - in Depression (iSPOT-D) is a multi-centre, international, randomized, prospective, open-label trial. It is enrolling 2016 MDD outpatients (ages 18-65) from primary or specialty care practices (672 per treatment arm; 672 age-, sex- and education-matched healthy controls). Study-eligible patients are antidepressant medication (ADM) naïve or willing to undergo a one-week wash-out of any non-protocol ADM, and cannot have had an inadequate response to protocol ADM. Baseline assessments include symptoms; distress; daily function; cognitive performance; electroencephalogram and event-related potentials; heart rate and genetic measures. A subset of these baseline assessments are repeated after eight weeks of treatment. Outcomes include the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (primary) and self-reported depressive symptoms, social functioning, quality of life, emotional regulation, and side-effect burden (secondary). Participants may then enter a naturalistic telephone follow-up at weeks 12, 16, 24 and 52. The first half of the sample will be used to identify potential predictors and moderators, and the second half to replicate and confirm.DiscussionFirst enrolment was in December 2008, and is ongoing. iSPOT-D evaluates clinical and biological predictors of treatment response in the largest known sample of MDD collected worldwide.Trial registrationInternational Study to Predict Optimised Treatment - in Depression (iSPOT-D) ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00693849URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00693849?term=International+Study+to+Predict+Optimized+Treatment+for+Depression&rank=1

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment for Depression (iSPOT-D), a randomized clinical trial: rationale and protocol

Williams

Rush

Koslow

et al. 2011

Trials

Self Cite

176

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…All resulting 3D cluster-level maps were then computed to yield less than 1 expected type I error cluster by appropriate thresholding of the null distribution.Correlational analysis Correlational analyses were performed on three main regions of interest (ROI), identified as being integral to vWM functioning [60]. ROIs for the right DLPFC [41,33,29], right PP [12, -60, 43] and left IFG [-48, 9, 10] were defined independently from a large activation-likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of N-Back literature [49]. Others have indicated a hemispheric bias towards the left PP during vWM tasks, however, Owen et al [49] only reported likely activation in the corresponding right homolog.…”

Section: Group and Cognitive Load Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional MRI investigation of verbal working memory in adults with anorexia nervosa

et al. 2014

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Literature regarding verbal working memory (vWM) in anorexia nervosa (AN) has been inconsistent due to a misunderstanding of the key components of vWM and introduction of confounding stimuli. Furthermore, there are no studies looking at how brain function in people with AN relates to vWM performance. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a letter n-back paradigm to study the effect of increasing vWM task difficulty on cortical functioning in the largest AN sample to date (n=31). Although the AN group had low BMI and higher anxious and depressive symptomology compared to age-matched controls (HC), there were no between-group differences in accuracy and speed at any task difficulty. fMRI data revealed no regions exhibiting significant differences in activation when groups were compared at each difficulty separately and no regions showing group x condition interaction. Although there was a trend towards lower accuracy as duration of illness increased, this was not correlated with activity in regions associated with vWM. These findings indicate that vWM in AN is as efficient and performed using the same cognitive strategy as HC, and that there may not be a need for therapies to pursue remediation of this particular neurocognitive faculty.

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“…Unresolved loss or trauma can pertain to relational stressors, adverse life events or exposure to domestic violence or physical, emotional or sexual abuse.  Measures collected via the web-based assessmentSpot-the-word Test (IQ estimate)The spot-the-word test is an IQ estimate. Subjects are presented with pairs of items comprising one word and one non-word, and requiring the subject to identify the word (Baddeley et al, 1993, Hatch et al, 2010). Performance correlates highly with verbal intelligence and in adult's correlates with performance on the National Adult Reading Test (NART).SPHERE-12The Somatic and Psychological Health Report (SPHERE) is a self-rating screening tool for common mental health disorders in primary care (Hickie et al, 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grey matter abnormalities in children and adolescents with functional neurological symptom disorder

Kozlowska

Griffiths

Foster

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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ObjectiveFunctional neurological symptom disorder refers to the presence of neurological symptoms not explained by neurological disease. Although this disorder is presumed to reflect abnormal function of the brain, recent studies in adults show neuroanatomical abnormalities in brain structure. These structural brain abnormalities have been presumed to reflect long-term adaptations to the disorder, and it is unknown whether child and adolescent patients, with illness that is typically of shorter duration, show similar deficits or have normal brain structure.MethodHigh-resolution, three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were acquired in 25 patients (aged 10–18 years) and 24 healthy controls. Structure was quantified in terms of grey matter volume using voxel-based morphometry. Post hoc, we examined whether regions of structural difference related to a measure of motor readiness to emotional signals and to clinical measures of illness duration, illness severity, and anxiety/depression.ResultsPatients showed greater volumes in the left supplementary motor area (SMA) and right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) (corrected p < 0.05). Previous studies of adult patients have also reported alterations of the SMA. Greater SMA volumes correlated with faster reaction times in identifying emotions but not with clinical measures.ConclusionsThe SMA, STG, and DMPFC are known to be involved in the perception of emotion and the modulation of motor responses. These larger volumes may reflect the early expression of an experience-dependent plasticity process associated with increased vigilance to others' emotional states and enhanced motor readiness to organize self-protectively in the context of the long-standing relational stress that is characteristic of this disorder.

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In first presentation adolescent anorexia nervosa, do cognitive markers of underweight status change with weight gain following a refeeding intervention?

Abstract: Cognitive impairments in adolescent AN appear to normalize with refeeding and weight gain.

Cited by 90 publications

References 45 publications

International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment for Depression (iSPOT-D), a randomized clinical trial: rationale and protocol

International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment for Depression (iSPOT-D), a randomized clinical trial: rationale and protocol

Functional MRI investigation of verbal working memory in adults with anorexia nervosa

Grey matter abnormalities in children and adolescents with functional neurological symptom disorder

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