Objective Emergency ambulance services attend a wide array of medical and trauma patients. Infrequently, this includes imminent or out-of-hospital births (OOHBs). There is a paucity of research pertaining to OOHBs. This scoping review explores emergency ambulance clinician involvement with OOHBs, and patient and clinician experiences with birthing in the out-of-hospital setting. Design Scoping review; two reviewers independently determined inclusion using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and participant, concept, context criteria. Methods CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Wiley Online were searched from database inception until 20 February 2024. Articles discussing an unplanned OOHB, or a planned home birth with complications where an emergency ambulance was required were included. Results Sixty-three articles were included for review. The majority (n=36) involved retrospective research. Most articles were published since 2015 (n=38), with the highest contributing countries being USA (n=17) and Australia (n=13). Risks factors for OOHBs were varied with maternal age or being multigravida/multiparous often cited. Ninety-nine complications were described in the literature ranging from relatively minor ailments such as nausea and vomiting through to life-threatening situations such as maternal or neonatal cardiac arrest. The most common management/interventions reported were assisting with birth, maternal intravenous cannulation, and medication administration. Birth parents, partners and clinicians all describe OOHBs as anxiety-provoking but joyous when a healthy neonate is born. The OOHB experience is enhanced for patients when clinicians communicate well, while those who appeared inexperienced increased patient anxiety. OOHBs experience many challenges to optimal care, falling under the broad categories of; emergency ambulance clinicians desiring additional education and training; communication and collaboration difficulties; environmental issues; technology and aids; and other; limitations. Conclusion OOHBs are rare events requiring expert assistance to optimise patient outcomes. There remains significant challenges to unplanned OOHBs; ongoing training and skill competency is required to improve patient safety and clinician confidence.