In-Flight Urine Collection Device: Efficacy, Maintenance, and Complications in U-2 Pilots

Thesling, Genevieve H Von; Coffman, Charles B; Hundemer, Gregory L.; Stuart, Rory P.

doi:10.3357/asem.2909.2011

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The body can weather discomfort, and even pain, but at some point, damage occurs, and this point varies from individual to individual (25). In a survey done in 2010, 60% of pilots flying for the U.S. Air Force U-2 Reconnaissance Squadrons operating out of Beale Air Force Base in California reported problems with the UCD that they wore, including poor fit, leaking, and skin damage from extended contact with urine (28). It is the job of the engineer/physiologist to ensure that the manmachine interface promotes the health and safety of the human body.…”

Section: All Is Fair In Love and Warmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Forgotten hardware: how to urinate in a spacesuit

Hollins

2013

Advances in Physiology Education

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On May 5, 1961, astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American to fly in space. Although National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) had discounted the need for him to urinate, Shepard did, in his spacesuit, short circuiting his electronic biosensors. With the development of the pressure suit needed for high-altitude and space flight during the 1950s, technicians had developed the means for urine collection. However, cultural mores, combined with a lack of interagency communication, and the technical difficulties of spaceflight made human waste collection a difficult task. Despite the difficulties, technicians at NASA created a successful urine collection device that John Glenn wore on the first Mercury orbital flight on February 20, 1962. With minor modifications, male astronauts used this system to collect urine until the Space Shuttle program. John Glenn's urine collection device is at the National Air and Space Museum and has been on view to the public since 1976.

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Section: All Is Fair In Love and Warmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As mentioned in the historical literature, "little has been published describing the efficacy and success of in-flight urination systems" (28). International Latex Corporation, however, prepared a complete technical report for the Air Force and published it in August of 1961.…”

Section: The Ucd Of the Dawn Of The Space Agementioning

confidence: 98%