In-hospital administration of dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel for stress reduction in dogs during veterinary visits: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

Hauser, Hagar; Campbell, Sharon L.; Korpivaara, Mira; Stefanovski, Darko; Quinlan, Marisa; Siracusa, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.002

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the veterinary context, the use of Sileo© as pre-visit medication increased dogs’ compliance and reduced heart rate by up to 30 bpm during the examination compared to a baseline examination [ 126 ]. A recent crossover, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study demonstrated that the administration of dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel was associated with reduced vocalisations (such as whining, yelping, and grumbling), avoidance behaviours and panting, trembling, urination and defecation during a veterinary examination compared to placebo [ 127 ].…”

Section: Medicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting

Riemer

Heritier

Windschnurer

et al. 2021

Animals

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A high proportion of dogs and cats are fearful during veterinary visits, which in some cases may escalate into aggression. Here, we discuss factors that contribute to negative emotions in a veterinary setting and how these can be addressed. We briefly summarise the available evidence for the interventions discussed. The set-up of the waiting area (e.g., spatial dividers; elevated places for cat carriers), tailoring the examination and the treatment to the individual, considerate handling (minimal restraint when possible, avoiding leaning over or cornering animals) and offering high-value food or toys throughout the visit can promote security and, ideally, positive associations. Desensitisation and counterconditioning are highly recommended, both to prevent and address existing negative emotions. Short-term pain from injections can be minimised by using tactile and cognitive distractions and topical analgesics, which are also indicated for painful procedures such as ear cleanings. Recommendations for handling fearful animals to minimise aggressive responses are discussed. However, anxiolytics or sedation should be used whenever there is a risk of traumatising an animal or for safety reasons. Stress-reducing measures can decrease fear and stress in patients and consequently their owners, thus strengthening the relationship with the clients as well as increasing the professional satisfaction of veterinary staff.

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Section: Medicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting

Riemer

Heritier

Windschnurer

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…All dogs were weighed at each visit. All dogs were video-recorded and assessed behaviourally using a Likert scale, similar to those published [ 15 , 32 , 33 ] ( Table S1 ), during the following events: (1) when the dog walked into the hospital, (2) when the dog was weighed, (3) as the dog entered the exam room, and (4) throughout the physical examination, during which scoring was carried out at the beginning and end of the exam.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Changing Veterinary Handling Techniques on Canine Behaviour and Physiology Part 1: Physiological Measurements

Squair

Proudfoot

Montelpare

et al. 2023

Animals

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Signs of distress in dogs are often normalized during routine veterinary care, creating an animal welfare concern. We sought to test whether targeted interventions during veterinary visits affect physiological indicators of stress in dogs. Some 28 dogs were examined within four visits across 8 weeks. All dogs received the same care during the first visit and were then randomized into control and intervention groups for visits 2–4. In the intervention group, 14 dogs underwent procedures designed to reduce stress and to enlist their collaboration during examination. The 14 dogs in the control group received routine care. At each visit, heart rate (HR), serum cortisol (CORT), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and creatine kinase (CK) were measured. A composite stress index based on the summed standardized scores for these markers was constructed. No differences in HR, NLR, and CK parameters between groups were found, and both groups had a decrease in CORT by visit four. However, the intervention group showed a greater overall decrease in CORT between the first and fourth visit than the control group (p < 0.04). The composite stress index differed between the first and fourth visits for the intervention group, but not for the control group (Intervention p = 0.03; Control p= 0.288). There was a tendency for the composite stress index to worsen at visit four vs. visit one for the control group. The findings suggest that dogs that participated in adaptive, collaborative exams and procedures designed to minimize fear had a greater reduction in stress over time compared to those receiving standard care.

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“…This is an increasing area of research, and many resources are available by which staff can learn and practice these techniques (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). Effective pharmacological interventions include trazodone, gabapentin, and transmucosal dexmedetomidine, as well as the use of pheromones (26,(38)(39)(40)(41)(42).…”

Section: Peri-operative Behavioral Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical and Behavioral Relationships With Welfare

Bain¹

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Veterinarians perform surgery for a number of reasons, from treating a problem to preventing future problems. There is an inextricable link between the physical and psychological aspects of an animal's health, and surgery is often a conduit to bridge that gap. Some surgical procedures can affect an animal's behavior, such as castration, and some pose an ethical dilemma, such as ear cropping and declawing. Ameliorating pain, decreasing stressful experiences for the animal, and identifying and treating concurrent problem behaviors are hallmarks of improving animal welfare. The purpose of this article is to outline some of these interrelationships and ethical dilemmas, providing evidence-based verification as applicable.

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In-hospital administration of dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel for stress reduction in dogs during veterinary visits: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

Cited by 23 publications

References 47 publications

A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting

A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting

Effects of Changing Veterinary Handling Techniques on Canine Behaviour and Physiology Part 1: Physiological Measurements

Surgical and Behavioral Relationships With Welfare

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