In North America, Some Ovarian Cancers Express the Oncogenes of Preventable Human Papillomavirus HPV-18

Roos, Patrick; Orlando, Paul A.; Fagerstrom, Richard M.; Pepper, John W.

doi:10.1038/srep08645

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The presence of HR-HPV genotypes in not just the lower, but also upper genital tract can suggest that HPV may be involved in the development of EOC [68,71]. HR-HPV E6 and E7 have been found to be expressed in ovarian tumors [118]. Infection with HR-HPV renders low expression of p53 and high expression of p16 in OC; furthermore, the expression of E6 has been shown to be suggestive of low expression of p53 [119].…”

Section: The Role Of Human Papillomavirus In Oncogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer

Wilczyński

Paradowska

2020

Cancers

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Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women, with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) being the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women. This high fatality rate is the result of diagnosis of a high number of new cases when cancer implants have already spread. The poor prognosis is due to our inadequate understanding of the molecular mechanisms preceding ovarian malignancy. Knowledge about the site of origination has been improved recently by the discovery of tube intraepithelial cancer (TIC), but the potential risk factors are still obscure. Due to high tumoral heterogeneity in OC, the establishment of early stage biomarkers is still underway. Microbial infection may induce or result in chronic inflammatory infection and in the pathogenesis of cancers. Microbiome research has shed light on the relationships between the host and microbiota, as well as the direct roles of host pathogens in cancer development, progression, and drug efficacy. While controversial, the detection of viruses within ovarian malignancies and fallopian tube tissues suggests that these pathogens may play a role in the development of OC. Genomic and proteomic approaches have enhanced the methods for identifying candidates in early screening. This article summarizes the existing knowledge related to the molecular mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis in the ovary, as well as the viruses detected in OC cases and how they may elevate this process.

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Section: The Role Of Human Papillomavirus In Oncogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer

Wilczyński

Paradowska

2020

Cancers

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“…[ 5 ] These oncoproteins play a central role in HPV-dependent malignant transformation and are expressed in cervical cancer. [ 1 , 6 ] Both E6 and E7 proteins target tumor suppressor proteins, such as the p53 protein (p53) and the retinoblastoma protein (pRB), and are able to induce cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and promote genome instability and evasion of the innate immune system. [ 7 , 8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus (HPV) in HIV-infected women and its relationship with HPV/HIV co-infection

et al. 2018

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HPV have been identified as high-risk and low-risk, depending on their association with the development of cancer. HPV infections can be facilitated by co-infection with HIV. Here, we investigated HPV prevalence and genotypes and the risk factors affecting HPV/HIV co-infection. Forty HIV-positive patients had 80 cervical swab samples collected in 2 consecutive years. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA direct sequencing were used to perform HPV genotyping. Statistical analyses were performed regarding risk factors for HPV/HIV co-infection and the occurrence of cervical lesions. HPV DNA was detected in 59 samples (73.75%), and high-risk HPVs were predominant (59.3%). The most prevalent type was HPV56 (17%), followed by HPV16 (15.3%). Patient age did not affect the risk of cervical cancer (P = .84) or HPV prevalence in different years (P = .25/P = .63). CD4 count also did not affect the risk for cervical lesions in the tested samples (P = .15/P = .28). Although the HIV viral load was not correlated with an increase in cervical lesion detection in the first group of analyzed samples (P = .12), it did affect cervical cancer risk in the group of samples analyzed in the following year (P = .045). HIV-infected patients presented a high prevalence of HPV co-infection, and HPV16 and HPV56 were the most prevalent genotypes. Considering this, it is possible that immunodeficiency can contribute to increased susceptibility to HPV56 infection in HIV-infected patients. The association between HIV viral load and the lesions also confirmed the importance of monitoring HIV/HPV co-infected patients with high HIV viral loads.

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“…A geographical discrepancy in HPV prevalence in EOC tissue was found. HPV was detected in 15.5–17.0% of OC patients in North America, 4.0–18.5% in Europe, and 31.4–45.6% in Asia 25,33,39,47–49 . HPV does not play an important role in Western European and North American populations 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and genotyping of CMV and HPV in tumors and fallopian tubes from epithelial ovarian cancer patients

Paradowska

Jabłońska

Studzińska

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Viral and bacterial infections are detected in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues. Since the fallopian tubes are often affected by pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and the majority of serous EOCs appear to originate from dysplastic lesions in the distal tube, it is relevant to consider the potential role that infectious agents may play in ovarian carcinogenesis. We sought to analyze the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in EOC tissue and fallopian tube specimens obtained at tumor resection. Ovarian cancer and fallopian tube tissue samples obtained from patients with EOC were analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative PCR to detect and quantify viral DNA. The presence of CMV and HPV DNA was detected in 70% and 74% cancerous ovarian tissues, respectively, and was significantly higher in EOC than in benign tumor cases (P ≤ 0.01). CMV or HPV infection was observed also in the fallopian tube samples. Infection with HPV16 was determined in 70% of EOC cases. Almost two thirds of EOC patients demonstrated coinfection with CMV and HPV in the pathological samples. The results revealed that the presence of CMV and HPV in EOC samples is common. CMV and HPV infections can be potential risks for EOC development.

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In North America, Some Ovarian Cancers Express the Oncogenes of Preventable Human Papillomavirus HPV-18

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer

Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer

Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus (HPV) in HIV-infected women and its relationship with HPV/HIV co-infection

Detection and genotyping of CMV and HPV in tumors and fallopian tubes from epithelial ovarian cancer patients

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