In-office dental bleaching with violet light emitting diode: bleaching efficacy and pulpal temperature rise

Abstract

Objectives This study evaluated the bleaching efficacy of different in-office protocols associated with violet light emitting diode (V-LED), and measured the pulpal temperature rise caused by V-LED with or without gel application. Materials and Methods Bovine incisors were distributed in 4 groups ( n = 10): VL – V-LED; HP – 35% hydrogen peroxide (control); HYB – hybrid protocol, V-LED applied without gel for 10 irradiation cycles followed by V-LED applied with gel for another 10 irradiation cycles; and HPVL – gel and V-LED applied for 20 irradiation cycles. Three bleaching sessions were performed with 7-day intervals. Bleaching efficacy was evaluated with , Δ E 00 and Δ WI D . Data were recorded at baseline, 7, 14, 21 and 70 days. For pulpal temperature rise, thermocouples were placed inside the pulp chamber of human incisors. To determine intrapulpal temperature, the teeth were irradiated with V-LED with or without application of bleaching gel. Color difference data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Pulpal temperature was analyzed by t -test (α = 5%). Results VL exhibited lower color ( and Δ E 00 ) and whiteness changes (Δ WI D ) than the other groups. HPVL presented higher color change values than HYB. HYB and HPVL showed not different Δ WI D values; and HP showed the highest whiteness changes at all times. There were significant differences comparing ΔT with gel (8.9°C) and without gel application (7.2°C). Conclusions HPLV was more efficient than HYB. The 2 protocols with VL showed similar results to control. Gel application combined with VL promoted higher pulpal temperature than to the no gel group.

Effect of antioxidant on tooth sensitivity after bleaching

“…46 Additionally, some research has demonstrated that light-activated bleaching worsens tooth sensitivity by heating the tooth and releasing more free radicals into the pulp. 47,48 Other in vitro studies showed that applying bleaching gel along with halogen light caused the cultured odontoblast to experience more severe cytotoxic effects than applying hydrogen peroxide alone. 49 Conversely, another study found no proof that light activation during in-office bleaching influenced the risk and severity of TS, regardless of hydrogen peroxide concentration.…”

“…However, another study revealed that when light activation was used, tooth sensitivity increased 24 h after bleaching 46 . Additionally, some research has demonstrated that light‐activated bleaching worsens tooth sensitivity by heating the tooth and releasing more free radicals into the pulp 47,48 . Other in vitro studies showed that applying bleaching gel along with halogen light caused the cultured odontoblast to experience more severe cytotoxic effects than applying hydrogen peroxide alone 49 .…”

Evaluation of the Effect of Intra-Coronal Bleaching after Using C-Phycocyanin as a Photosensitizing Agent- In vitro Study.

“…Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive mode for treating many medical conditions such as tumours and skin problems (12,13) . Photodynamic bleaching of teeth was reported to be effective when photosensitizing agents (such as rhodamine-B) are added to peroxide bleaching material (14)(15)(16)(17)(18) . Low-intensity visible light source activates peroxide oxidation and enhances the breakdown rate of Reactive Oxygen species (ROS) speeding up the bleaching procedure (18) .…”

Dental Fluorosis Management Using Power Bleach – A Magic Wand

“…Among these, In-office or power bleaching is done under the close observation of a clinician to prevent damage to soft tissues and gel ingestion. This shortens the overall treatment duration and results in a quicker turnaround in terms of bleaching efficacy [6]. The most commonly used In-office or Power bleaching techniques use hydrogen peroxides with high concentrations and are frequently referred to as "one-hour bleaching."…”