In our genes

Harpending, Henry; Cochran, Gregory

doi:10.1073/pnas.012612799

Cited by 108 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As genes that may influence behavior are identified, allele frequencies are often compared in populations 67,68 . These comparisons can produce useful evolutionary insights but can also lead to simplistic interpretations that may reinforce unfounded stereotypes 69 . In assessing the role of genes in population differences in behavior (real or imagined), several simple facts must be brought to the fore.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation, classification and 'race'

2004

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New genetic data has enabled scientists to re-examine the relationship between human genetic variation and 'race'. We review the results of genetic analyses that show that human genetic variation is geographically structured, in accord with historical patterns of gene flow and genetic drift. Analysis of many loci now yields reasonably accurate estimates of genetic similarity among individuals, rather than populations. Clustering of individuals is correlated with geographic origin or ancestry. These clusters are also correlated with some traditional concepts of race, but the correlations are imperfect because genetic variation tends to be distributed in a continuous, overlapping fashion among populations. Therefore, ancestry, or even race, may in some cases prove useful in the biomedical setting, but direct assessment of disease-related genetic variation will ultimately yield more accurate and beneficial information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation, classification and 'race'

2004

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“…Because Western individuals are currently living in a relatively affluent, risk-free environment, the stress and vigilance that is associated with N may seem entirely maladaptive, but anthropological records provide good reasons to believe that we frequently encountered environmental conditions during our evolutionary history where social ties were crucial (e.g. Harpending & Cochran, 2002), which makes adaptive benefits of high N more likely. Note also that it is not subjective well-being or relationship satisfaction what counts from an evolutionary perspective, but the degree to which social support is actually received.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroticism predicts reactions to cues of social inclusion

2008

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In the current paper, we hypothesized that people who are high in neuroticism (N) share a motivational predisposition to react vigilantly to threatening cues, most of which tend to be social in humans. In three studies, support for this prediction was found: based on cross-sectional and diary data, it was found that the self-esteem (SE) of individuals high in N decreases more in response to perceptions of relationship conflict and low relationship quality than that of emotionally stable ones. In a study of people's reactions to imagined threats, neurotic individuals showed a heightened sensitivity to both nonsocial and social cues, though reactions to social cues were somewhat more pronounced. Results are consistent with principles from evolutionary and process-oriented personality psychology.

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“…It only suggests that some endophenotypes (energetic, unpredictable, novelty seeking) of ADHD may have been selectively adaptive, not all of them. ADHD children often show neurological deficits, but ADHD children who also carry the DRD4 -7R do not show these deficits (Harpending & Cochran, 2002). Another study comparing ADHD children with and without the 7R found that children with the allele had better cognitive performance and better prognoses for long-term outcomes than ADHD children without it, suggesting that the: -allele may be associated with a more benign form of the disorder‖ (Gornick et al, 2007:379).…”

Section: Gene/culture Co-evolution and Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD and criminality: A primer on the genetic, neurobiological, evolutionary, and treatment literature for criminologists

Schilling

Walsh

Yun

2011

Journal of Criminal Justice

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This is an author-produced, peer-reviewed version of this article. © 2009, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). The final, definitive version of this document can be found online at Journal of Criminal Justice , doi: 10.1016Justice , doi: 10. /j.jcrimjus.2010 1 NOTICE: This is the author's version of a work accepted for publication by Elsevier. Changes resulting from the publishing process, including peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting and other quality control mechanisms, may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Abstract This paper is a primer on ADHD and its major comorbidities for criminologists unfamiliar with the genetic, neurobiological, and evolutionary literature on the subject. With Unnerver, Cullen & Pratt (2003) we are surprised that criminologists do not pay sufficient attention to a disorder that is found at rates in prisons around the world greatly exceeding in prevalence in the general population. Unnerver, Cullen & Pratt (2003) believe that it is because ADHD research has been carried out primarily by biomedical researchers and that criminologists tend to shy away from anything smacking of biology. We believe that the special expertise of criminologists in uncovering environmental correlates of antisocial behavior can benefit biomedical research and that biomedical research can assist criminologists in uncovering the individual-level correlates of antisocial behavior.

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In our genes

Cited by 108 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic variation, classification and 'race'

Genetic variation, classification and 'race'

Neuroticism predicts reactions to cues of social inclusion

ADHD and criminality: A primer on the genetic, neurobiological, evolutionary, and treatment literature for criminologists

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