In ovo metabolism of estradiol to estrone sulfate in chicken eggs: Implications for how yolk estradiol influences embryonic development

Paitz, Ryan T.; Angles, Rachel; Cagney, Erin

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113320

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies which injected labelled oestradiol into eggs at oviposition found rapid and steady declines over time and evidence it is converted to conjugated forms [19,30]. While there has been some evidence for increases in oestrogen in yolk over time in several species [26,29,39], this may derive from early endogenous production by the embryo rather than the conversion of maternal steroids [40,41]. Thus, recent studies have found a remarkably consistent pattern of maternal steroids being metabolized into compounds which do not bind with the classical steroid receptors.…”

Section: The Problem: Embryonic Metabolism Of Maternal Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternally derived hormones, neurosteroids and the development of behaviour

Mouton

Duckworth

2021

Proc. R. Soc. B.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a wide range of taxa, there is evidence that mothers adaptively shape the development of offspring behaviour by exposing them to steroids. These maternal effects have major implications for fitness because, by shaping early development, they can permanently alter how offspring interact with their environment. However, theory on parent–offspring conflict and recent physiological studies showing that embryos rapidly metabolize maternal steroids have placed doubt on the adaptive significance of these hormone-mediated maternal effects. Reconciling these disparate perspectives requires a mechanistic understanding of the pathways by which maternal steroids can influence neural development. Here, we highlight recent advances in developmental neurobiology and psychiatric pharmacology to show that maternal steroid metabolites can have direct neuro-modulatory effects potentially shaping the development of neural circuitry underlying ecologically relevant behavioural traits. The recognition that maternal steroids can act through a neurosteroid pathway has critical implications for our understanding of the ecology and evolution of steroid-based maternal effects. Overall, compared to the classic view, a neurosteroid mechanism may reduce the evolutionary lability of hormone-mediated maternal effects owing to increased pleiotropic constraints and frequently influence long-term behavioural phenotypes in offspring.

show abstract

Section: The Problem: Embryonic Metabolism Of Maternal Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternally derived hormones, neurosteroids and the development of behaviour

Mouton

Duckworth

2021

Proc. R. Soc. B.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, developing embryos may be constrained in their ability to regulate exposure to maternal steroids. Fish embryos eliminate maternal steroids to the surrounding water (Paitz et al, 2016) and amniotic vertebrates metabolize maternal steroids in the developing extraembryonic membranes (Diczfalusy, 1969, Paitz & Bowden, 2008Paitz & Cagney, 2019). However, the only contact a developing terrestrial clutch has with water is via rain or hydration provided by parents (typically the male: Crump, 1974;Delia et al, 2020;Dugas, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In egg-laying amniotes like birds and reptiles, maternal steroids initially present in the yolk are subject to metabolism by the embryo (partially via extraembryonic membranes), a process thought to regulate the amount of steroid that reaches the developing embryo (Kumar et al, 2019;Paitz & Bowden, 2013). As anamniotes, amphibians lack the extraembryonic membranes that modulate embryonic exposure to maternal steroids in other vertebrates (Paitz & Bowden, 2008, 2010Paitz & Cagney, 2019). However, the lack of these extraembryonic membranes alone does not preclude embryos from regulating their exposure to steroids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phenotypic effects of these steroids vary by species and steroid, but it is clear that vertebrate embryos develop in an environment where they are exposed simultaneously to numerous steroids capable of influencing development (Groothuis et al, 2019;McGhee et al, 2020;Merrill et al, 2019). And while substantial effort has been made to characterize maternal steroids and their causes and consequences in mammals (Boonstra et al, 1998;Dantzer et al, 2013), birds (Groothuis et al, 2005), reptiles (Lovern & Wade, 2003;Paitz & Bowden, 2008), and fish (Paitz et al, 2015(Paitz et al, , 2016, amphibians, especially terrestrial breeding species, have remained largely unexplored (Bögi et al, 2002;Haccard et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Steroid levels in frog eggs: Manipulations, developmental changes, and implications for maternal steroid effects

Paitz

Dugas

2021

J Exp Zool Pt A

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to maternally derived steroids during embryonic development can elicit phenotypic effects in the resulting offspring. Studies of maternal steroid effects, especially rich in mammals and birds, have offered exciting insights into the evolution of maternal effects in vertebrates. To extend this literature, we quantified levels of steroids in the eggs of four neotropical dendrobatid frogs that lay terrestrial clutches, a reproductive strategy that has evolved multiple times in amphibians.Building on our observational results, we then manipulated levels of pregnenolone and progesterone in eggs of one species and examined how this affected steroid levels during development. Eggs of all four species had detectable steroids levels, with progestogens being more abundant than androgens and glucocorticoids. Estrogens could not be detected. Immersion of frog eggs in a solution containing pregnenolone and progesterone resulted in elevated levels of both steroids early in development, but levels declined and were similar to those in unmanipulated eggs by the end of development. Treated eggs also exhibited a transient increase in levels of steroids that can be produced from pregnenolone and progesterone. Overall, our findings demonstrate that frog eggs contain steroids similar to what has been observed in other egg-laying vertebrates. During development, steroid levels are dynamic, further suggesting developing embryos regulate exposure to maternal steroids. These results set the stage for investigating the causes and consequences of maternal steroid effects in frogs.

show abstract

“…Yet, it is increasingly acknowledged that offspring may not just be passive recipients of the signal, but may actively modify the signal, for example metabolizing maternal hormones, such as steroids (e.g. Paitz et al 2011, Vassallo et al 2014, Paitz et al 2020, influencing the resolution of potential parent-offspring conflict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altricial bird early-stage embryos express the molecular ‘machinery’ to respond to maternal thyroid hormone cues

Ruuskanen

Hukkanen

Garcin

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternal hormones, such as thyroid hormones transferred to embryos and eggs, are key signalling pathways to mediate maternal effects. To be able to respond to maternal cues, embryos must express key molecular "machinery" of the hormone pathways, such as enzymes and receptors. While altricial birds begin thyroid hormone (TH) production only at/after hatching, experimental evidence suggests that their phenotype can be influenced by maternal THs deposited in the egg. However, it is not understood, how and when altricial birds express genes in the TH-pathway. For the first time, we measured the expression of key TH-pathway genes in altricial embryos, using two common altricial ecological model species (pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca and blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus). Deiodinase DIO1 gene expression could not be reliably confirmed in either species, but deiodinase enzyme DIO2 and DIO3 genes were expressed in both species. Given that DIO2 coverts T4 to biologically active T3, and DIO3 mostly T3 to inactive forms of thyroid hormones, our results suggest that embryos may modulate maternal signals. Thyroid hormone receptor (THRA and THRB) and monocarboxyl membrane transporter gene (SLC15A2) were also expressed, enabling TH-responses. Our results suggest that early altricial embryos may be able to respond and potentially modulate maternal signals conveyed by thyroid hormones.

show abstract

In ovo metabolism of estradiol to estrone sulfate in chicken eggs: Implications for how yolk estradiol influences embryonic development

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Maternally derived hormones, neurosteroids and the development of behaviour

Maternally derived hormones, neurosteroids and the development of behaviour

Steroid levels in frog eggs: Manipulations, developmental changes, and implications for maternal steroid effects

Altricial bird early-stage embryos express the molecular ‘machinery’ to respond to maternal thyroid hormone cues

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About