In praise of mealybugs

Brahmachari, Vani; Kohli, Surbhi; Gulati, Parul

doi:10.1007/s12041-018-0921-0

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, PGE is closely associated with genome imprinting, such as putative maternal imprinting to prevent inactivation/elimination, or paternal imprinting to induce inactivation/elimination (Brahmachari, Kohli, & Gulati, 2018; Prantera & Bongiorni, 2012). Further studies are needed to fill the gap between genome imprinting and PGE at the genomic level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chromosome‐level genome assembly provides new insights into paternal genome elimination in the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis

Tong

Wang

et al. 2020

Molecular Ecology Resources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are economically important agricultural pests with several compelling biological phenomena including paternal genome elimination (PGE). However, limited high-quality genome assemblies of mealybugs hinder a full understanding of this striking and unusual biological phenomenon. Here, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, by combining Illumina short reads, PacBio long reads and Hi-C scaffolding.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chromosome‐level genome assembly provides new insights into paternal genome elimination in the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis

Tong

Wang

et al. 2020

Molecular Ecology Resources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It entered China in 2009 (Wang et al ., , ; Wu and Zhang, ), and the latest report on the invasiveness of this pest was in Egypt in 2015 (Ibrahim et al ., ). The cotton mealybug is considered as an aggressive pest, and it has been the current important economic pest for researchers and entomologists because of its invasive, its resistance to new chemical insecticides, its widespread distribution with biological and morphological differences and the need for enhanced integrated pest control (Saddiq et al ., ; Brahmachari et al ., ). The adult stages of both sexes are completely different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The functional difference of eight chitinase genes between male and female of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis

Omar

et al. 2019

Insect Molecular Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a polyphagous insect that attacks tens of plant and causes substantial economic loss. Insect chitinases are required to remove the old cuticle to allow for continued growth and development. Though insect chitinases have been well studied in tens of insects, their functions in mealybug are still not addressed. Here, we sequenced the transcriptomes of adult males and females, from which eight chitinase genes were identified. We then used the method of rapid amplification of cDNA ends to amplify their full length. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these genes clustered into five subgroups. Among which, group II PsCht2 had the longest transcript and was highly expressed at second instar nymph. PsCht10, PsCht3‐3 and PsIDGF were highly expressed in the adult females, whereas PsCht4 and PsCht4‐1 were significantly expressed at the male pupa and adult male. Next, we knocked down all eight chitinase genes by feeding the double‐stranded RNA. Knockdown of PsCht4 or PsCht4‐1 led to the failure of moult and, silencing PsCht5 resulted in pupation defect, while silencing PsCht10 led to small body size, suggesting these genes have essential roles in development and can be used as a potential target for pest control.

show abstract

“…Thus, genomic imprinting and the differential regulation of homologous chromosomes operate on 50% of the genome. The heterochromatization and transcriptional silencing of paternal chromosomes in male mealybugs is comparable to X chromosome inactivation in female mammals [4][5][6][7]. Unlike X chromosome inactivation, paternal genome inactivation is non-random in the mealybugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genome and transcriptome analysis of the mealybugMaconellicoccus hirsutus: A model for genomic Imprinting

Kohli

Gulati

Maini

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

28In mealybugs, transcriptional inactivation of the entire paternal genome in males, due to 29 genomic imprinting, is closely correlated with sex determination. The sequencing, de-novo 30 assembly and annotation of the mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus genome and its 31 comparison with Planococcus citri genome strengthened our gene identification. The expanded 32 gene classes, in both genomes relate to the high pesticide and radiation resistance; the 33 phenotypes correlating with increased gene copy number rather than the acquisition of novel 34 genes. The complete repertoire of genes for epigenetic regulation and multiple copies of genes 35 for the core members of polycomb and trithorax complexes and the canonical chromatin 36 remodelling complexes are present in both the genomes. Phylogenetic analysis with 37 Drosophila shows high conservation of most genes, while a few have diverged outside the 38 functional domain. The proteins involved in mammalian X-chromosome inactivation are 39 identified in mealybugs, thus demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of factors for 40 facultative heterochromatization. The transcriptome analysis of adult male and female 41 M.hirsutus indicates the expression of the epigenetic regulators and the differential expression 42 of metabolic pathway genes and the genes for sexual dimorphism. The depletion of 43 endosymbionts in males during development is reflected in the significantly lower expression 44 of endosymbiont genes in them.45 46 47 48 49 3 50Author summary 51 The mealybug system offers a unique model for genomic imprinting and differential regulation 52 of homologous chromosomes that pre-dates the discovery of dosage compensation of X 53 chromosomes in female mammals. In the absence of robust genetics for mealybugs, we 54 generated and analysed the genome and transcriptome profile as primary resources for effective 55 exploration. The expanded gene classes in the mealybugs relate to their unique biology; the 56 expansion of pesticide genes, trehalose transporter, SETMAR and retrotransposons correlate 57 with pesticide, desiccation and radiation resistance, respectively. The similarity in the genomic 58 profile of two species of mealybugs strengthens our gene prediction. All the known epigenetic 59 modifiers and proteins of the primary complexes like the PRC1,2 and the trithorax are 60 conserved in mealybugs, so also the homologues of mammalian proteins involved in X 61 chromosome inactivation. The high copy number of genes for many partners in these 62 complexes could facilitate the inactivation of a large part of the genome and raise the possibility 63 of formation of additional non-canonical complexes for sex specific chromosome inactivation. 64In adult males and females, the status of epigenetic regulation is likely to be in a maintenance 65 state; therefore, it is of interest to analyze the expression of epigenetic regulators during 66 development. 67 68 69 70 71 72 4 73 Abbreviations 74 Mhir-Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Pcit-Planococcus citri, Dmel-Drosoph...

show abstract

In praise of mealybugs

Cited by 7 publications

References 69 publications

A chromosome‐level genome assembly provides new insights into paternal genome elimination in the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis

A chromosome‐level genome assembly provides new insights into paternal genome elimination in the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis

The functional difference of eight chitinase genes between male and female of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis

Genome and transcriptome analysis of the mealybugMaconellicoccus hirsutus: A model for genomic Imprinting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About