In Praise of Small Things: Death and Life at the Late Neolithic-Early Bronze Age Burial of Bolores, Portugal

“Other” possibilities? Assessing regional and extra-regional dental affinities of populations in the Portuguese Estremadura to explore the roots of Iberia's Late Neolithic-Copper Age

“…Though most akin to CDM (MMD=0.058) and BOL (0.079), it is significantly different (p>0.025) from both; Pai Mogo 1 is situated 23 km north from Cova da Moura and Bolores yet, among other possible factors, this relatively small distance interspersed by two river valleys was seemingly a contributor to substantial biocultural isolation. As mentioned, differences in diet, artifacts, and architecture were also reported between areas (Gallay et al, 1973;Guiry et al, 2016;Spindler and Gallay, 1973;Waterman et al, 2014Waterman et al, , 2015. This heterogeneity, the divergence of PAI in particular (at least compared to the samples in this study), reminds us that our understanding of the Iberian Late Neolithic/ Copper Age must include recognition of variation -both regional and community-wide.…”

“…The three Portuguese samples are suitable for evaluating local biological/genetic variation during the Late Neolithic-Copper Age because: 1) Cova da Moura predates and temporally overlaps with Bolores, while the two sites are located just 2 km apart in the Rio Sizandro valley, 2) the Bolores and Pai Mogo I sites are largely contemporary, but the latter is located two river valleys to the north, 23 km distant near the Atlantic coast, and 3) Cova da Moura and Pai Mogo I also overlap in time and are spatially distinct. Dietary differences and differential, albeit low-level migration based on stable isotopes have also been reported (Guiry et al, 2016;Waterman et al, 2014Waterman et al, , 2015. All samples were studied as part of a broader analysis of social change in the Sizandro/ Alcabrichel river valleys between the 4 th -2 nd millennia BCE, codirected by the second author and Michael Kunst (Lillios 2015, Waterman et al, 2016.…”

Paleomobility in Iberia: 12 years of strontium isotope research

“…To date, our database includes 1635 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotopic values from 33 publications ( Alt et al 2016;Albizuri et al 2019;Balsera et al 2016;Carvalho et al 2015, Carvalho et al 2019Díaz-del-Río et al, 2017a;Díaz-del-Río et al, 2017b;Díaz-Zorita Bonilla et al 2009;Díaz-Zorita Bonilla, 2013;Díaz-Zorita Bonilla et al 2018;Díaz-Zorita Bonilla et al, 2021;García-Rivero et al 2020;Fernández-Crespo et al 2020a, Fernández-Crespo et al 2020bGuede et al 2017, Guede, 2018Lillios et al 2015;MacRoberts et al 2020;Merner, 2017;Ortega et al 2013;Prevedorou et al 2010;Saragoça et al 2016;Sarasketa-Gartzia et al 2018, Sarasketa-Gartzia et al 2019Valenzuela-Lamas et al 2016, Valenzuela-Lamas et al 2018Valenzuela-Suau et al 2021;Valera et al 2020, Villalba-Mouco et al 2020Waterman, 2012;Wright et al 2019;Žalait ė, 2016, Žalait ė et al 2018. The bulk (80 %) have been published since 2017 (Fig.…”

Don't throw the baby teeth out with the bathwater: Estimating subadult age using tooth wear in commingled archaeological assemblages

“…Archaeological approaches to such collective deposits often entail detailed mapping of elements in situ, osteological identification and labelling in the field, and a subsequent bioarchaeological analysis, which incorporates a high degree of spatial information, minimizing the difficulty in associating elements with individuals (e.g., Lillios, Waterman, Mack, Artz, & Nilsson‐Stutz, ; Stodder & Osterholtz, ). However, many existing museum collections were recovered before the advent of modern excavation methods or as the result of rapid salvage excavations in which detailed mapping of individual elements was not possible.…”