In search of a new paradigm for protective immunity to TB

Long noncoding RNA derived from CD244 signaling epigenetically controls CD8 + T-cell immune responses in tuberculosis infection

“…CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and γδ T cells played critical roles in mounting adaptive immune response against MTB infection (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Deciphering the molecular mechanisms for host responses linked to TB pathogenesis and prognosis is of great importance for developing new vaccines and therapeutics and for diagnosis.…”

Immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in young contacts with discordant immunological test results

“…Solid evidence to support this hypothesis in M.tb infection is lacking. Low M.tb-specific IFN-γ response associated with the abundant M.tb-specific IL-13 response in 0-5 year-old TST + /QFT -children with latent-TB (contained infection) does not support this dogma and fit with the most recent concept that components of a successful immune response to M.tb involve more than just IFN-γ and are largely unknown [5].…”

No significant impact of IFN-γ pathway gene variants on tuberculosis susceptibility in a West African population

“…The reasons why the majority of individuals with deleterious mutations were diagnosed with NTM and not with M. tuberculosis remain unclear. 20 Apart from the presumed explanation that infants carrying variants conferring primary immunodeficiency might die early from TB and, therefore, are not accessible to genetic studies, and the infrequent incidence of TB in these individuals might indicate that IFN-γ signalling does not have an equal relevance in M. tuberculosis infections as it has in those with weakly pathogenic mycobacteria. In fact, M. tuberculosis is known to be able to suppress signal transduction of IFN-γ in several ways and, as a result, may effectively inhibit the bactericidal effects of activated macrophages.…”