In Search of Stem Cell Policy

Frankel, Mark S.

doi:10.1126/science.287.5457.1397

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…[1][2][3][4] Although ES cells have been isolated from humans, 2,3 their use in research as well as therapeutics is encumbered by ethical considerations. 5 The ability to purify, culture, and manipulate multipotent stem cells from nonembryonic origin would provide investigators with an invaluable cell source to study cell and organ development. In addition, such cells could serve to develop replacement tissues for congenital or degenerative disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and ex vivo expansion of postnatal human marrow mesodermal progenitor cells

Reyes

Lund

Lenvik

et al. 2001

Blood

1,084

755

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and ex vivo expansion of postnatal human marrow mesodermal progenitor cells

Reyes

Lund

Lenvik

et al. 2001

Blood

1,084

755

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“…In addition, the pluripotent character of adult stem cells present in the muscle, brain, adipose tissue, and dermis of the skin has also been confirmed (Jiang et al 2002a(Jiang et al , 2002bZuk et al 2002;Toma et al 2001). Pluripotent cells are an attractive promising source in the field of tissue regeneration and engineering, particularly because the use of human embryonic stem cells is limited by ethical considerations (Frankel 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and multilineage differentiation of bovine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Bosnakovski¹,

et al. 2004

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The bone marrow harbors a population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that possess the potential to differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat, and along other tissue pathways. To date, MSCs from various species have been studied. Despite the bovine experimental model being widely used in experiments in vivo and in vitro, only a limited amount of information regarding bovine MSCs is available. The aim of this study was to isolate and induce the multilineage mesenchymal differentiation of bovine MSCs, thereby initiating further research on these cells. Bovine MSCs were isolated from eight calves, and osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation was induced by using a combination of previously reported protocols for other species. The level of differentiation was evaluated by histological examination and by analyzing the expression of tissue-specific genes by a quantitative "real time" reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction technique. Following osteoinduction, the isolated fibroblast-like cells transformed into cuboidal cells and formed alkaline-phosphatase-positive colonies; during differentiation, these colonies transformed into mineralized nodules. In addition, osteogenesis was followed by osteocalcin and collagen type I mRNA expression. Chondrogenesis was confirmed by the demonstration of collagen type II, aggrecan, and sox9 mRNA expression in the cells stimulated by transforming growth factor β1 in monolayer culture. After being cultured in an adipogenesis-inducing medium, the MSCs responded by the accumulation of lipid vacuoles and the expression of adipocyte-specific genes. We have therefore demonstrated that cells harvested from bovine bone marrow are capable of in vitro extensive multiplication and multilineage differentiation, making them a relevant and invaluable model in the field of stem cell research.

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“…However, regulation of their growth and proliferation potential in vivo remains a major problem (Hermann, Gerlach et al 2004;Belmadani, Tran et al 2006;Conti, Reitano et al 2006;Miller 2006). Similarly, widespread use of fetal tissue or embryonic stem cells in cell replacement therapies has been limited by histocompatibility issues, availability, and ethical concerns prompting the search for alternative cell sources (Frankel 2000;Sonntag and Sanchez-Pernaute 2006). Of particular interest are other adult tissues with progenitor populations that could be easily harvested, expanded, and used in autologous transplantation strategies to protect vulnerable neuronal populations and/ or to accelerate repair after neural injury or neurodegeneration without the need for immunosuppression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autologous transplants of Adipose-Derived Adult Stromal (ADAS) cells afford dopaminergic neuroprotection in a model of Parkinson's disease

McCoy

Martinez

Ruhn

et al. 2008

Experimental Neurology

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Adult adipose contains stromal progenitor cells with neurogenic potential. However, the stability of neuronal phenotypes adopted by Adipose-Derived Adult Stromal (ADAS) cells and whether terminal neuronal differentiation is required for their consideration as alternatives in cell replacement strategies to treat neurological disorders is largely unknown. We investigated whether in vitro neural induction of ADAS cells determined their ability to neuroprotect or restore function in a lesioned dopaminergic pathway. In vitro-expanded naïve or differentiated ADAS cells were autologously transplanted into substantia nigra 1-week after an intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine injection. Neurochemical and behavioral measures demonstrated neuroprotective effects of both ADAS grafts against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopaminergic neuron death, suggesting that pre-transplantation differentiation of the cells does not determine their ability to survive or neuroprotect in vivo. Therefore, we investigated whether equivalent protection by naïve and neurally-induced ADAS grafts resulted from robust in situ differentiation of both graft types into dopaminergic fates. Immunohistological analyses revealed that ADAS cells did not adopt dopaminergic cell fates in situ, consistent with the limited ability of these cells to undergo terminal differentiation into electrically active neurons in vitro. Moreover, re-exposure of neurally-differentiated ADAS cells to serum-containing medium in vitro confirmed ADAS cell phenotypic instability (plasticity). Lastly, given that gene expression analyses of in vitro-expanded ADAS cells revealed that both naïve and differentiated ADAS cells express potent dopaminergic survival factors, ADAS transplants may have exerted neuroprotective effects by production of trophic factors at the lesion site. ADAS cells may be ideal for ex vivo gene transfer therapies in Parkinson's disease treatment.

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In Search of Stem Cell Policy

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Purification and ex vivo expansion of postnatal human marrow mesodermal progenitor cells

Purification and ex vivo expansion of postnatal human marrow mesodermal progenitor cells

Isolation and multilineage differentiation of bovine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Autologous transplants of Adipose-Derived Adult Stromal (ADAS) cells afford dopaminergic neuroprotection in a model of Parkinson's disease

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