In-service Learning in a Pre-service Teacher Training: The Dilemma of an Adult Learner in Botswana

Abstract

Many universities across the world offer full time programmes not only to younger students directly from formal basic education programmes such as secondary schooling but also to in-service or adult learners. In-service learners are serving or non-serving but experienced and mature students who are afforded an opportunity to enrol in full-time or part-time programmes. As such, higher education institutions are inevitably challenged to service both younger and adult learners under one roof. Exploring challenges faced by adult learners in higher education institutions full-time programmes can therefore no longer be ignored in many developing countries. Some institutions may have taken a more transformative move to create an adult learners' responsive academic environment, while others may have not. Based