In silico methods – Computational alternatives to animal testing

Lang, Annemarie; Volkamer, Andrea; Behm, Laura; Röblitz, Susanna; Ehrig, Rainald; Schneider, Marlon R.; Geris, Liesbet; Wichard, Joerg; Buttgereit, Frank

doi:10.14573/altex.1712031

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Therefore, one should bear in mind when choosing the appropriate species for toxicological testing that the results are comparable to humans. [454,[456][457][458][459]. In line with that, the in vitro comet assay has also been proposed as an alternative to cytogenetic assays in early genotoxicity/photogenotoxicity screening of drug candidates [379,460].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 2 Vertebrates)

Gajski

Žegura

Ladeira

et al. 2019

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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The comet assay has become one of the methods of choice for the evaluation and measurement of DNA damage. It is sensitive, quick to perform and relatively affordable for the evaluation of DNA damage and repair at the level of individual cells. The comet assay can be applied to virtually any cell type derived from different organs and tissues. Even though the comet assay is predominantly used on human cells, the application of the assay for the evaluation of DNA damage in yeast, plant and animal cells is also quite high, especially in terms of biomonitoring. The present extensive overview on the usage of the comet assay in animal models will cover both terrestrial and water environments. The first part of the review was focused on studies describing the comet assay applied in invertebrates. The second part of the review, (Part 2) will discuss the application of the comet assay in vertebrates covering cyclostomata, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, in addition to chordates that are regarded as a transitional form towards vertebrates. Besides numerous vertebrate species, the assay is also performed on a range of cells, which includes blood, liver, kidney, brain, gill, bone marrow and sperm cells. These cells are readily used for the evaluation of a wide spectrum of genotoxic agents both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the use of vertebrate models and their role in environmental biomonitoring will also be discussed as well as the comparison of the use of the comet assay in vertebrate and human models in line with ethical principles. Although the comet assay in vertebrates is most commonly used in laboratory animals such as mice, rats and lately zebrafish, this paper will only briefly review its use regarding laboratory animal models and rather give special emphasis to the increasing usage of the assay in domestic and wildlife animals as well as in various ecotoxicological studies.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 2 Vertebrates)

Gajski

Žegura

Ladeira

et al. 2019

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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“…The computational results obtained suggest that some PCDF congeners may act as agonists and antagonists of androgen receptor, thereby causing endocrine disruption. Although the use of experimental techniques for toxicity assessment is considered more reliable than computational techniques, utility of experiments for large-scale screening of potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals are known to be more expensive, time-consuming and low-throughput ( Lang et al, 2018 , Sakkiah et al, 2019 , Shukla et al, 2010 , Tukker et al, 2016 ). Androgen receptor is a ligand-activated transcription factor and a member of the steroid hormone receptor family that binds with high affinity to testosterone and other androgens ( Davey and Grossmann, 2016 , Wilson et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico prediction of nuclear receptor binding to polychlorinated dibenzofurans and its implication on endocrine disruption in humans and wildlife

Akinola

Uzairu

Shallangwa

et al. 2021

Current Research in Toxicology

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“…Reduction in expense, increase in speed and the ability to work at large scale without needing to satisfy stringent approvals is fuelling a desire to use in silico methods in the fields of genetic research [Lang et al (2018)]. Indeed, approaches range from pedigree analysis for tracking of genetic inheritance to automatic predictions of deleterious missense variants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%