In-situ 119Sn Mössbauer effect studies of the reaction of lithium with SnO and SnO:0.25 B2O3:0.25 P2O5 glass

Courtney, I. A.; Dunlap, R. A.; Dahn, J. R.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(99)00192-9

Cited by 84 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The sharp peaks in the curve are due to crystalline graphite (presumably added during electrode preparation) while the remaining shape is attributed to nanostructured tin in the tin-cobalt-carbon alloy. The differential capacity versus potential curve for the Nexelion cell (with the exception of the graphite peaks) has the same shape as both the Sn oxide glasses of Idota et al [8] and Courtney et al [9] (Figure 5(c)) and the Sn 2 Fe/SnFe 3 C cell of Mao et al [15] (Figure 8(b)). This similarity in shape indicates that the mechanism for lithium insertion is the same for the three materials and that the active Sn-Co grains react with the lithium and the carbon matrix acts as an inactive (or less active) spectator to buffer the volume expansion and prevent the aggregation of tin.…”

Section: The Sony Nexelion Cellmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…However, this material also had a very large irreversible capacity (close to 400 mA h g -1 ). Further investigations of the tin-oxide-glasstype materials were performed using in situ XRD, 119 Sn Mo¨ssbauer effect spectroscopy and electrochemical characterization by Courtney et al [6,[9][10][11]. This work showed that during the first reaction of lithium with tin oxide or with SnO:0.25 B 2 O 3 :0.25 P 2 O 5 , the lithium first reacts with oxygen to form Li 2 O.…”

Section: Tin Oxide Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Todd

Ferguson

Fleischauer

et al. 2010

Int. J. Energy Res.

144

106

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SUMMARYGraphite has been used as the negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries for more than a decade. To attain higher energy density batteries, silicon and tin, which can alloy reversibly with lithium, have been considered as a replacement for graphite. However, the volume expansion of these metal elements upon lithiation can result in poor capacity retention. Alloying the active metal element with an inactive material can limit the overall volume expansion and improve cycle life. This paper presents a summary of tin-based materials as negative electrodes. After reviewing attempts to improve and understand the electrochemical behaviour of metallic tin and its oxides, the focus turns to alloys of tin with a transition metal (TM) and, optionally, carbon. To do so, a combinatorial sputtering technique was used to simultaneously prepare many different compositions of Sn-TM-based materials. The structural and electrochemical results of these samples are presented and they show that cobalt is the preferred TM to give optimal performance. Finally, a comparison of a Sn-Co-C negative electrode material prepared by a rapid quenching method (sputtering) with a material prepared by an economical milling method (mechanical attrition) is presented and discussed.

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Section: The Sony Nexelion Cellmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Tin Oxide Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Todd

Ferguson

Fleischauer

et al. 2010

Int. J. Energy Res.

144

106

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“…This has long been suspected to be the case, since 2-phase regions are thought to be detrimental to cycling. 23,24 This distinction is less clear for the film sputtered on E-Cu, shown in Figure 12. Less fade is indeed apparent for the cell with no Li 15 Si 4 compared to the cell with Li 15 Si 4 formation prior to cycle 60, however after cycle 60 both cells fade at the same rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Li₁₅Si₄Formation in Silicon Thin Film Negative Electrodes

Iaboni

Obrovac

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

123

156

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The conditions for Li15Si4 formation in Si thin film negative electrodes was studied during charge and discharge cycling in lithium cells. It was found that Li15Si4 formation can be suppressed during cycling of Si thin films by stress induced from the presence of the substrate. Furthermore, Li15Si4 formation was found to be coincidental with capacity fade and delamination of the Si film from the current collector. These results deepen the understanding of the cycling of Si thin films. Moreover, they have profound implications for Si alloy negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries, as the presence of Li15Si4 during cycling can be used as a sensitive indicator for weakly bound Si regions.

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“…The formation-decomposition of Li20 according to reaction (1) was, to our knowledge, previously clearly reported to only occur at high temperatures (~ 500 ~ in molten salt with Fe203, Fe304 as starting oxides [27,28], and partially observed at r.t. by tt9Sn M6ssbauer studies during the reoxidation process of tin borophosphate glasses [29]. This reversible system could be compared with the well-known aqueous solution AgO/Ag ~ system, basically used as reference electrode according to reaction (2):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the vanadates to 3d-metal oxides negative electrodes

Poizot

Laruelle

Grugeon

et al. 2000

Ionics

132

154

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Abstract. With respect to lithium batteries, vanadate-based electrodes display large electrochemical capacities that rapidly decay during the cycling. A full study of the 3d-metal(M)-based vanadates performed using in situ DRX, XAS and TEM has enabled to pinpoint the important role of the 3d-metal cations, and has motivated the study of simple metal oxides MO, (M = Co, Ni, Cu, Fe) in rechargeable Li cells. We found that these materials could reversibly react with a large amount of lithium leading to capacities as high as 800 mAh/g. The reactivity mechanism totally differs from the well established one based on Li insertion-deinsertion or Li alloying reactions but mainly involves the formation of highly reactive metallic nanoparticles that favor Li20 formation-decomposition. Besides, we gave experimental evidence of an electrochemically driven polymerization-dissolution process at low potential, which is highly reversible, and emphasized the importance of the role of the electrolyte on such a process. Finally, the universality of this mechanism to account for the large Li reactivity at low voltage in many 3d-metal (Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Mn)-based oxides is discussed together with the urgent issues to be solved for such oxide anodes to stand as serious alternative candidates for today's carbon anodes in Li-ion cells. IntroductionBecause of their large specific energy, volumetric energy density and great design flexibility, Li-ion batteries have become the technology of choice for today's portable electronics. With the foreseen trend in electronics for low operating voltage devices, the main question is whether we should simply rely on electronics (DC-DC converters) to adjust the Li-ion active electrochemistry voltage to the demand or rather act on the system chemistry (designing novel materials) to lower the Li-ion cell output voltage while maintaining its energy density. This implies the search for negative electrode materials with larger capacities and reacting with Li at higher voltages than those of the present carbon.Recent attempts, as exemplified by the 2 V Li-ion LiCoO2 ! LixCo3N system [1,2], have recently been made in refining Li-ion insertion materials for use in battery

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In-situ 119Sn Mössbauer effect studies of the reaction of lithium with SnO and SnO:0.25 B2O3:0.25 P2O5 glass

Cited by 84 publications

References 16 publications

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Li₁₅Si₄Formation in Silicon Thin Film Negative Electrodes

From the vanadates to 3d-metal oxides negative electrodes

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In-situ 119Sn Mössbauer effect studies of the reaction of lithium with SnO and SnO:0.25 B2O3:0.25 P2O5 glass

Cited by 84 publications

References 16 publications

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Li15Si4Formation in Silicon Thin Film Negative Electrodes

From the vanadates to 3d-metal oxides negative electrodes

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Li₁₅Si₄Formation in Silicon Thin Film Negative Electrodes