In situ atomic force microscopy studies of surface morphology, growth kinetics, defect structure and dissolution in macromolecular crystallization

Malkin, Alexander J.; Kuznetsov, Yurii G.; McPherson, Alexander

doi:10.1016/s0022-0248(98)00823-9

Cited by 149 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A similar result also was documented for the dependence of growth on supersaturation in both inorganic and macromolecular systems (9,19,20). The region of steep slope found for growth at far-from-equilibrium conditions was postulated to correspond to the homogenous nucleation of adatom islands, whereas the region of shallow slope corresponds to islands nucleated at defects such as impurity atoms (9,19,20). Images ② and ③ in Fig.…”

Section: [12a]supporting

confidence: 74%

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Quantifying Silica Reactivity in Subsurface Environments: An Integrated Experimental Study of Quartz and Amorphous Silica to Establish a baseline for Glass Durability

Dove¹,

Han²,

He³

2005

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An immediate EM science need is a reliable kinetic model that predicts long-term waste glass performance. A framework for which the kinetics of mineral-solution reactions can be used to interpret complex silicate glass properties is required to accurately describe the current and future behavior of glasses as synthetic monoliths or natural analogs. Reaction rates and mechanisms are essential elements in deciphering mineral/material reactivity trends within a compositional series or across a matrix of complex solution compositions. An essential place to start, and the goal of this research, 2 is to quantify the reactivity of crystalline and amorphous SiO 2 phases in the complex fluids of natural systems.Perhaps the most important motivation for quantifying SiO 2 reactivity in subsurface environments is that an understanding of fundamental controls on the reactivity of simple Si-O bonded phases establishes baseline behavior for silica phases widely found in waste storage environments. Host rock silicate minerals dominate virtually every repository rock-water system. Further, complex silicate glasses will be the frontline of defense in containing radioactive wastes in both interim and long-term storage strategies. However, we have little quantitative understanding of pure SiO 2 reactivity in the solutes of natural and perturbed groundwaters even though current EM strategy calls for dispersal of waste into silica-based glass materials. Findings will establish quantitative relationships between silica reactivity and complex solution chemistries never investigated which are presently speculative at best. Further, we will be able to uncover underlying principles that govern how solutes affect silica reactivity in a systematic and predictable way. FINAL REPORT OF FINDINGS:The new research project was initiated on February 1, 2001 and has now been completed. We focused the funding on the costly experimental work rather than extensive travel. In the end, our efforts paid off with findings in all aspects of the research activities that have been described by others as "transformational".A particularly exciting outcome is the paper recently published in Dove et al. We show that seemingly disparate data sets and dissolution regimes can be unified within a single model by analyzing mineral dissolution using the same physical 3 picture used for crystal growth. In fact, our work found that the entire spectrum of growth and dissolution can be viewed within a single continuum, in which transitions from one dominant mechanism to another are determined by a single, simple consideration, namely which one produces the greatest step density. This tour de force was recently highlighted by both Science and Elements, in their Editor's Choice articles for its significance.Owing to the breakthrough in the PNAS paper, we realized a new mechanismbased way of understanding glasses. This was part of our original goal for the EMSP project and has taken some time, but is still forthcoming. Again, thanks to the support of this project, we are abo...

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Section: [12a]supporting

confidence: 74%

“…3 b and c). This result corresponds to the growth regime in which Malkin and others (9,19,20) postulated that nucleation occurred preferentially at impurity defects. In this ''defect-assisted'' model, impurities induce localized strain to give lower free energy barriers than for 2D nucleation at a perfect surface.…”

Section: [12a]supporting

confidence: 68%

Quantifying Silica Reactivity in Subsurface Environments: An Integrated Experimental Study of Quartz and Amorphous Silica to Establish a baseline for Glass Durability

Dove¹,

Han²,

He³

2005

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“…In many of these, for which the particle sizes range from 16 to 50 nm, considerable substructure is clearly evident, and even capsomeres can be directly seen on virions (Lucas et al, 2001;Malkin et al, 1999b;McPherson et al, 2000). An even better measure of resolution, however, can be obtained from Fourier transforms of raw AFM images, like that in Fig.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular crystal growth as revealed by atomic force microscopy

McPherson

Kuznetsov

Malkin

et al. 2003

Journal of Structural Biology

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Direct visualization of macromolecular crystal growth using atomic force microscopy (AFM) has provided a powerful tool in the delineation of mechanisms and the kinetics of the growth process. It has further allowed us to evaluate the wide variety of impurities that are incorporated into crystals of proteins, nucleic acids, and viruses. We can, using AFM, image the defects and imperfections that afflict these crystals, the impurity layers that poison their surfaces, and the consequences of various factors on morphological development. All of these can be recorded under normal growth conditions, in native mother liquors, over time intervals ranging from minutes to days, and at the molecular level.

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“…Although formed by huge protein molecules, being still nanosized particles, they remain invisible by optical microscopy. AFM is able merely to visualize elementary acts during protein and virus crystal growth [59,60], while the sizes of the protein crystal nuclei are determined by means of thermodynamic estimations. Using LCM-DIM, Sazaki's group studies the 2-D nucleation kinetics of lysozyme [61] and glucose isomerase crystals (under high pressure) [62].…”

Section: Crystal Nucleationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Insights into the Crystallization Process; Protein Crystal Nucleation and Growth Peculiarities; Processes in the Presence of Electric Fields

Nanev

2017

Crystals

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Three-dimensional protein molecule structures are essential for acquiring a deeper insight of the human genome, and for developing novel protein-based pharmaceuticals. X-ray diffraction studies of such structures require well-diffracting protein crystals. A set of external physical factors may promote and direct protein crystallization so that crystals obtained are useful for X-ray studies. Application of electric fields aids control over protein crystal size and diffraction quality. Protein crystal nucleation and growth in the presence of electric fields are reviewed. A notion of mesoscopic level of impact on the protein crystallization exercised by an electric field is also considered.Keywords: protein crystallization; classical and two-step nucleation mechanisms; impact of electric fields on the protein crystallization; external and internal electric fields; number density; size and quality of protein crystals

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In situ atomic force microscopy studies of surface morphology, growth kinetics, defect structure and dissolution in macromolecular crystallization

Cited by 149 publications

References 33 publications

Quantifying Silica Reactivity in Subsurface Environments: An Integrated Experimental Study of Quartz and Amorphous Silica to Establish a baseline for Glass Durability

Quantifying Silica Reactivity in Subsurface Environments: An Integrated Experimental Study of Quartz and Amorphous Silica to Establish a baseline for Glass Durability

Macromolecular crystal growth as revealed by atomic force microscopy

Recent Insights into the Crystallization Process; Protein Crystal Nucleation and Growth Peculiarities; Processes in the Presence of Electric Fields

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