In situ bioremediation of Fenton’s reaction–treated oil spill site, with a soil inoculum, slow release additives, and methyl-β-cyclodextrin

Abstract

A residential lot impacted by spills from a leaking light heating oil tank was treated with a combination of chemical oxidation and bioremediation to avoid technically challenging excavation. The tank left emptied in the ground was used for slow infiltration of the remediation additives to the low permeability, clayey soil. First, hydrogen peroxide and citrate chelate was added for Fenton’s reaction–based chemical oxidation, resulting in a ca. 50% reduction from the initial 25,000 mg/kg average oil concentration in the soil below the tank. Part of this was likely achieved through mobilization of oily soil into the tank, which was beneficial in regards to the following biological treatment. By first adding live bacteria in a soil inoculum, and then oxygen and nutrients in different forms, an approximately 90% average reduction was achieved. To further enhance the effect, methyl-β-cyclodextrin surfactant (CD) was added, resulting finally in a 98% reduction from the initial average level. The applicability of the surfactant was based on laboratory-scale tests demonstrating that CD promoted oil degradation and, unlike pine soap, was not utilized by the bacteria as a carbon source, and thus inhibiting degradation of oils regardless of the positive effect on biological activity. The effect of CD on water solubility for different hydrocarbon fractions was tested to serve as the basis for risk assessment requirements for authorizing the use of the surfactant at the site.

Paenibacillus polymyxa A26 and Its Surfactant-Deficient Mutant Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

“…The A26Sfp emulsification ability is comparable to a 0.5 solution of the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 [36]. Polysaccharide surfactants are an emerging class of biodegradable nontoxic and sustainable alternatives to conventional surfactant systems [3,4,46,47].…”

Fenton oxidation for soil remediation: A critical review of observations in historically contaminated soils

“…Closed-loop system has been tested by Rybnikova et al (2017) to remediate a PCB-contaminated soil. A similar system has been applied by Talvenmäki et al (2021) to treat a residential lot impacted by spills from a leaking light heating oil tank.…”

In Situ Aerobic Bioremediation of Sediments Polluted with Petroleum Hydrocarbons: A Critical Review

“…Efforts have been made to stabilize H 2 O 2 to prolong its decomposition as an oxygen provider but with little to no success so far [102]. In the presence of an iron catalyst, a concentrated form of hydrogen peroxide is used as a chemical oxidant (Fenton's reagent) to produce highly toxic hydroxyl free radicals [103,104]. Microorganisms are not capable of withstanding large amounts of hydrogen peroxide.…”