In situ chemical reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide for electrically conductive phenol formaldehyde composites

Yuan, Fangyuan; Zhang, Haobin; Li, Xiaofeng; Ma, Hongchao; Li, Xiao‐Zeng; Yu, Zhong‐Zhen

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.11.046

Cited by 94 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Compared with the graphene, however, the interlayer spacing of PF-graphene was enlarged from 4 Å (24.4°) in the case of reduced graphene to 5.36 Å (18.36°) after functionalization of graphene oxide via in situ chemical reduction. The XRD results demonstrated that the graphene oxide was reduced via the in situ polymerization process, consistent with the FTIR results [15].…”

Section: Characterization Of the Pf-graphene Compositesupporting

confidence: 78%

“…[21][22][23]. The PF-graphene was prepared according to previously reported procedures [15]. PF-graphene composites were prepared using a formaldehyde/ phenol (F/P) molar ratio of 1.32 in the presence of sodium hydroxide.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Pf-graphene Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One approach is to thermally exfoliate graphene oxide (GO) at high temperatures in a furnace, during which thermal reduction occurs; the other approach is to ultrasonically exfoliate graphene oxide to graphene in solvents or polymer/monomer solutions and then chemically reduce the GO [10−14]. To improve the dispersion of graphene sheets in polymer matrices, chemical functionalization of the graphene sheets is required to enhance their compatibility with polymers [15,16]. GO has been reported to be reduced during in-situ polymerization [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide to improve the tribological behavior of a phenol formaldehyde composite coating

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The development of a phenol formaldehyde/graphene (PF-graphene) composite coating with high performance is desirable but remains a challenge, because of the ultrahigh surface area and surface inertia of the graphene. Herein, we synthesized PF-graphene composites by the in situ polymerization of phenol and formaldehyde with the addition of graphene oxide, resulting in improved compatibility between the graphene and phenolic resin (PF) matrix and endowing the phenolic resin with good thermal stability and excellent tribological properties. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated that the graphene oxide was reduced during the in-situ polymerization. The PF-graphene composites were sprayed onto steel blocks to form composite coatings. The effects of an applied load and of the sliding speed on the tribological properties of the PF-graphene composite coating were evaluated using a block-on-ring wear tester; in addition, the worn surface and the transfer film formed on the surface of the counterpart ring were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the PF-graphene composite coating exhibited enhanced tribological properties under all tested conditions.

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Section: Characterization Of the Pf-graphene Compositesupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Synthesis Of Pf-graphene Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide to improve the tribological behavior of a phenol formaldehyde composite coating

et al. 2015

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“…The functionalization and reduction of GO improved the thermal stability of GO [39–41]. Figure 6 shows TGA and DTG patterns of GO and PGO in nitrogen and air atmosphere, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel PEPA-functionalized graphene oxide for fire safety enhancement of polypropylene

Jia

Liu

et al. 2015

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Polypropylene (PP) is a general-purpose plastic, but some applications are constrained by its high flammability. Thus, flame retardant PP is urgently demanded. In this article, intumescent flame retardant PP (IFRPP) composites with enhanced fire safety were prepared using 1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (PEPA) functionalized graphene oxide (PGO) as synergist. The PGO was prepared through a mild chemical reaction by the covalent attachment of a caged-structure organic compound, PEPA, onto GO nanosheets using toluene diisocynate (TDI) as the intermediary agent. The novel PEPA-functionalized graphene oxide not only improves the heat resistance of GO but also converts GO and PEPA from hydrophobic to hydrophilic materials, which leads to even distribution in PP. In our case, 7 wt% addition of PGO as one of the fillers for IFRPP composites significantly reduces its inflammability and fire hazards when compared with PEPA, by the improvement of first release rate peak (PHRR), total heat release, first smoke release rate peak (PSRR) and total smoke release, suggesting its great potential as the IFR synergist in industry. The reason is mainly attributed to the barrier effect of the unburned graphene sheets, which protects by the decomposition products of PEPA and TDI, promotes the formation of graphitized carbon and inhibits the heat and gas release.

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“…In addition, organic functional groups such as chromophores offer new properties that could have various applications such as photodetectors and electro-optics [62]. Covalent functionalization of pristine graphene typically is carried out via two general routes: (1) the formation of covalent bonds between dienophiles or free radicals and C=C bonds of pristine graphene, and (2) the formation of covalent bonds between organic functional groups and the oxygen groups of graphene oxide [66,175].…”

Section: Surface-modified Graphenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: Chemistry and Applications

Mogharabi

Faramarzi

2015

Advanced Structured Materials

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Graphene, a monolayer sp 2 hybridized carbon atom, received worldwide attention due to its extraordinary physical, chemical, thermal, and electrical properties. In recent years, the development of nanoscale dispersion techniques using graphene particles in a polymer matrix has been crowned a new and interesting horizon in material science. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites reveal superior mechanical and thermal properties compared with the conventional graphite-based composites or neat polymers which are obtained through very low filler loadings in the polymer matrix. Graphene derivatives as unique nanofillers are used in the production of lightweight, low cost, and high-performance polymer nanocomposites with a wide range of applications, such as fuel cells, supercapacitors, solar cells, sensors, and lightweight gasoline tanks. This chapter reviews the preparation methods of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites, their characteristics, and their wide range of potential applications in technological fields.

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In situ chemical reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide for electrically conductive phenol formaldehyde composites

Cited by 94 publications

References 47 publications

In situ reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide to improve the tribological behavior of a phenol formaldehyde composite coating

In situ reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide to improve the tribological behavior of a phenol formaldehyde composite coating

Novel PEPA-functionalized graphene oxide for fire safety enhancement of polypropylene

Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: Chemistry and Applications

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