LiNi00.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) is
perceived as a promising cathode material in lithium-ion
batteries for its high specific capacity and low cost. However, the
catalytic surface between the cathode and electrolyte leads to intensive
interfacial reactions and gas generation, ultimately causing rapid
capacity fading and a great threat to the safety performance of the
battery, which hinders its applications at high voltages. Herein,
ethoxy(pentafluoro)cyclotriphosphazene (PFPN) as the electrolyte additive
is applied to alleviate the above problems by constructing a solid
electrolyte interphase on the cathode and anode. PFPN can be decomposed
preferentially over basic electrolytes to shape the thin and stable
interface film between the electrolyte and NCM811 cathode for restraining
the production of gas and the corrosion of NCM811. The wettability
of the separator can be enhanced by PFPN to promote uniform Li deposition.
Also, PFPN has a flame-retardant effect due to its phosphoronitrile
functional group. Moreover, the Li||Li symmetrical cells can achieve
long-cycling stability with the PFPN-electrolyte (cycling performance
of 800 h at 0.5 mA cm–2). Last, the capacity retention
of NCM811||Li reaches 89.5% after 200 cycles at 1 C and 4.5 V.