In Situ Corrosion Studies of Aluminum and Aluminum Tantalum Alloy in 0.01 M NaCl Using STM

Bhardwaj, R. C.; González-Martín, Anuncia; Bockris, J. O'm.

doi:10.1149/1.2069338

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These general techniques and the apparatus involved have been described extensively. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The automated methods of such high-resolution microscopy coordinated with computerized electrochemical measurements as well as elemental analysis look very promising for elucidating corrosion reaction mechanisms. The study of initial surface reactions at the atomic or submicron level is becoming an important field of research in the understanding of corrosion processes.…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite formation of an oxide layer, aluminum surfaces can also be studied by STM. 54 Pitting corrosion can be observed after 10 h of immersion of an aluminum surface at -1.2 V/normal hydrogen electrode in a 10-2 M NaCl electrolyte. 30 The pitting on aluminum is observed as a general roughening due to pits appearing randomly over the surface, as seen in Fig.…”

Section: (Iv) Pitting Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the sites where the thinning is initiated, the electric field strength increases and attracts more anions, thus accelerating the process. 54,55 The soluble species involved are and Aluminum surfaces do not seem to passivate in chloride-containing solutions.…”

Section: (Iv) Pitting Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Automated Methods of Corrosion Measurement

Bech‐Nielsen

Andersen

Reeve

et al. 2002

Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry

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Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Iv) Pitting Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Automated Methods of Corrosion Measurement

Bech‐Nielsen

Andersen

Reeve

et al. 2002

Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry

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“…In the last several years, supersaturated aluminum alloys with Mo, Cr, Ta, W, Zr, Nb, Zn, V, Cu, Ti, and Si have been produced by several groups using rapid solidification or other nonequilibrium methods , such as sputter deposition [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][28][29][30][31][32][33], ion implantation [11][12][13][14][15]24,25], melt spinning [27], and vapor deposition [26,33]. Several alloys have shown significant improvements in passivity in chloridecontaining environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behavior and Surface Chemistry of Nonequilibrium Aluminum Alloys: Passivity Mechanism and Fabrication Methods

Davis¹,

Shaw²,

Rees³

et al. 1994

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“…In particular, the application in the liquid electrolyte opened the door to electrochemical investigation. Many groups have reported electrochemistry on the surface such as the oxidation [1,2], dissolution [3,4], and deposition phenomena [5][6][7]. However the microscopic information using AFM or STM shows only surface morphology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ atomic force microscopy combined with a quartz-crystal microbalance study of Ag electrodeposition on Pt thin film

Iwata¹,

Saruta²,

Sasaki³

1998

Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing

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Atomic force microscopy combined with a quartzcrystal microbalance has been developed for in situ observation of the morphology and mass change at the liquid/solid interface in an electrolytic solution. The Ag electrodeposition on a Pt thin film from aqueous solutions of H 2 SO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , and Ag 2 SO 4 has beer observed by this novel instrument. Pt thin film is evaporated on the surface of the quartz-crystal resonator that oscillates at its resonance frequency. The mass change of the Pt film under the electrochemical reaction can be measured by detecting the frequency change of the quartzcrystal resonator. Large crystals were distributed on the Pt surface in clumps. The mass change measured by the microbalance technique agrees not only with that calculated from the integrated charge obtained by cyclic voltammetry but also that estimated from the topographical image. With this novel technique, the deposited substance on the Pt surface could be identified as Ag, not a complex mixture of platinum oxides.It is important to study the solid-liquid interface for understanding the complicated electrochemical reaction on the electrode surfaces. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to observe the surface structures in the various environments such as vacuum, air, gas, and liquid. In particular, the application in the liquid electrolyte opened the door to electrochemical investigation. Many groups have reported electrochemistry on the surface such as the oxidation [1, 2], dissolution [3,4], and deposition phenomena [5][6][7]. However the microscopic information using AFM or STM shows only surface morphology. Thus it is not sufficient for understanding the complicate surface reaction. Furthermore, it is difficult to confirm if such local information represents the entire surface phenomena. Thus these microscopes must be combined with another surface analytical method. The quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) is an extremely sensitive sensor, measuring mass changes in the nanogram range. It comprises a piezoelectric quartz crystal upon which foreign masses are attached by some means. The resonant frequency of the quartz crystal depends on the magnitude of the foreign mass [8]. The QCM is employed widely to monitor the vacuum deposition rate of the thin films and the gas analysis [9][10][11][12]. Even in the electrolytic solution, the QCM can be used as the in situ electrogravimetry under controlled electrochemical condition [13][14][15][16].In this paper, we describe the development of the combined AFM-QCM system and preliminary results concerning simultaneous observation of the morphology and mass change in the electrolytic solution. The processes of Ag electrodeposition on a Pt thin film are observed with this novel instrument. The mass change for Ag deposition is discussed and compared with the QCM result, the calculation from the total charge of voltammetry and the estimate from AFM topographical image. ExperimentThe AFM utilized in this experiment was made by us [17]. The su...

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In Situ Corrosion Studies of Aluminum and Aluminum Tantalum Alloy in 0.01 M NaCl Using STM

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Automated Methods of Corrosion Measurement

Automated Methods of Corrosion Measurement

Electrochemical Behavior and Surface Chemistry of Nonequilibrium Aluminum Alloys: Passivity Mechanism and Fabrication Methods

In situ atomic force microscopy combined with a quartz-crystal microbalance study of Ag electrodeposition on Pt thin film

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