In situ crack growth observation and fracture toughness measurement of hydrogen charged Zircaloy-4

Bertolino, G.; Meyer, G.; Ipiña, Juan E. Perez

doi:10.1016/s0022-3115(03)00305-2

Cited by 57 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The hydrogenation can be performed by different ways: with gaseous hydrogen at elevated temperature [52][53][54][55], with gaseous hydrogen by Sievert`s apparatus [38,56,57] or with electrolytic hydrogen at room temperature in H 2 SO 4 [16,21,58,59] or in KOH [17,38,60] or at elevated temperature [12]. The cathodic charging with hydrogen at room temperature was chosen as the suitable for simultaneous, in some experiments, slow strain rate tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second series, the specimens were oxidized in the same way and afterwards charged with hydrogen without any load at 80 mA/cm 2 for 72 h. Then they removed from the solution, cleaned with distilled water and annealed for 4 h at 400°C, following earlier reports [17,32,56,58,60], to obtain the bulk distribution of hydrogen inside the whole specimen. The specimens were put in the oven already heated to the above temperature and after annealing cooled with the oven.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen degradation of pre-oxidized zirconium alloys

Szoka

Gajowiec

Zieliński

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science

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The presence of the oxide layers on Zr alloys may retard or enhance the hydrogen entry and material degradation, depending on the layer features. This research has been aimed to determine the effects of preoxidation of the Zircaloy-2 alloy at a different temperature on hydrogen degradation. The specimens were oxidised in laboratory air at 350ºC, 700ºC, and 900ºC. After, some samples were tensed at 10-5 strain rate and simultaneously charged with hydrogen under constant direct voltage in 1 N sulfuric acid at room temperature. Other specimens were charged without any tension, then annealed at 400ºC for 4 h and finally tensed at above strain rate. The SEM examinations were performed on the cross-sections and fracture faces of specimens. The obtained results demonstrate the effects of the oxide layer on the cathodic current and hydrogen entry, mechanical properties and the appearance of hydrides and fracture behaviour.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen degradation of pre-oxidized zirconium alloys

Szoka

Gajowiec

Zieliński

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science

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“…Equation (7), test data from Bertolino et al (2003), Katz et al (2001), and Gutierrez-Solana and Elices (1982) are used here. In Bertolino et al (2003), fracture toughness J Q values using three point bend specimens for the Zircaloy-4 material were reported. The test samples were hydrogen-charged by electrochemical technique before the fracture tests.…”

Section: Prediction Of Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to lack of detailed test conditions in these two reports, one can only check the relation between fracture toughness,K IC , and the hydrogen pressure P. Equation (7) predicts a linear relationship between the fracture toughness,K IC , and the hydrogen pressure expressed as ln(1/ √ P ) for a given temperature. The test data from Bertolino et al (2003) and Katz et al (2001) are re-plotted in Figures 1 and 2, respectively, with K IC as the ordinate and ln(1/ √ P ) as the abscissa. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the experimental data are well represented by the least-square fitted-line, which implies the validity of Equation (7).…”

Section: Prediction Of Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Effect of Hydrogen on the Fracture Toughness of Steel

et al. 2005

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A model is developed to quantify the effect of hydrogen on the critical stress intensity factor or fracture toughness of steels. The stress-assisted hydrogen diffusion model proposed by Liu (1970) is assumed and combined with the elastic stress field around the crack tip for quantifying the hydrogen concentration at the crack tip. Introducing a fracture criterion as the critical hydrogen concentration at a critical distance ahead of the crack tip, this model is successfully applied to the interpretation of hydrogen embrittlement behavior in a piping material. Experimental data at constant temperature were used to validate the model. With further development, the model has the potential to predict fracture toughness values at temperatures other than the test temperature.

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Effects of δ-hydride precipitated at a crack tip on crack instability in Zircaloy-4

et al. 2017

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Summary A fraction of hydrogen produced due to the waterside corrosion of Zircaloy‐4 nuclear fuel cladding diffuses into it. Diffused hydrogen migrates up a stress gradient in the Zircaloy‐4 and accrues in the regions of higher stress like a crack tip. When the concentration of hydrogen exceeds terminal solid solubility, it precipitates as brittle hydride phases. Hydride precipitated at the tip of a crack may induce crack instability, causing failure of the cladding. To understand the effects of hydride precipitated at the tip of a crack on crack instability in Zircaloy‐4, a numerical investigation is performed on single‐edge notched tension specimen by using the extended finite element method. The mechanical properties of the Zircaloy‐4 cladding and hydride precipitated in it—used in this numerical analysis—are evaluated by using nanoindentation technique. The crack length is taken between 0.05 and 0.2 mm, while the length of the hydride is varied in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 mm. The influence of hydride dimensions, number of hydrides, orientation of hydrides, and distance of hydride from the crack tip on crack instability is evaluated. The stability of the crack is assessed in stress intensity factor and J‐integral for each case. Results reveal that stress distribution around the crack tip is significantly altered by the precipitation of hydride. The circumferential hydride is less detrimental compared with the radial hydride. As the distance of hydride from the crack tip increases, there is a decline in the stress intensity factors and J‐integrals, implicating that there may exist a critical distance beyond which hydride precipitation has negligible effect on crack instability.

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In situ crack growth observation and fracture toughness measurement of hydrogen charged Zircaloy-4

Cited by 57 publications

References 8 publications

Hydrogen degradation of pre-oxidized zirconium alloys

Hydrogen degradation of pre-oxidized zirconium alloys

On the Effect of Hydrogen on the Fracture Toughness of Steel

Effects of δ-hydride precipitated at a crack tip on crack instability in Zircaloy-4

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