In-situ derivatisation of degradation products of chemical warfare agents in water by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis

Sng, Mui Tiang; Ng, Wei Fang

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00990-x

Cited by 71 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, phosphonic acids being not volatile enough, a step of derivatization has to be performed before GC analysis [2][3][4]. This step of derivatization is still time-consuming and can suffer from matrix effects in real samples [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To extract AMPAs from aqueous samples, most sample treatment methods described in publications consist of extractionderivation procedures to perform GC-MS analysis of the derivatized AMPAs (solid phase extraction [25], solid phase microextraction [2], microemulsion [26], hollow-fiber liquid phase microextraction [27,28]). This study focuses on sample treatment prior to LC-MS analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction of organophosphorous nerve agent degradation products from complex samples

Desoubries

Chapuis-Hugon

Bossée³

et al. 2012

Journal of Chromatography B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction of organophosphorous nerve agent degradation products from complex samples

Desoubries

Chapuis-Hugon

Bossée³

et al. 2012

Journal of Chromatography B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Lakso and Ng [14] compared the use of SPME-GC/NPD with liquid-liquid extraction for detection of the nerve agents sarin, soman, tabun, and Oethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX) in water. Sng and Ng [15] developed a procedure for SPME-GC/MS detection of CWA degradation products in water. Alcaraz et al [16] used SPME to obtain samples for a variety of chemicals controlled by the Chemical Weapons Convention from sea water, canal water, and soil leachate for field analysis by GC and flame photometric detection and GC/MS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid phase microextraction sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for field detection of the chemical warfare agent O‐ethyl S‐(2‐diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX)

Hook

Kimm

Betsinger

et al. 2003

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid phase microextraction sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for field detection of the chemical warfare agent O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX)A rapid detection method for the chemical warfare nerve agent VX was developed using SPME and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Five commercially available SPME fiber coatings were evaluated to determine the optimal fiber coating and conditions for extraction. The use of silanized vials was found to be necessary to limit interaction of the basic tertiary amine component of VX with the acidic silanols present in standard glass vials. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber was ultimately selected for completion of this work with extractions being performed at 508C. Clothing material was spiked in the laboratory with 1 lL of neat VX, placed in a sealed vial, and taken into the field for SPME sampling, using optimized conditions studied. GC/MS analysis was also completed in the field using van-mounted instrumentation. With sampling and analysis completed in less than 20.0 minutes, detection of VX contamination was relatively rapid, especially considering the quality of the resulting data. The use of SPME also provides increased safety for the field analysis of VX since it does not require the handling of solvents for sample preparation and samples are not handled directly by the analyst.

show abstract

“…A method was developed for the determination of degradation products of CWAs in water, based on SPME of volatile tert.-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives formed in-situ [74]. The compounds studied were ethyl-2-hydroxyethyl sulfide (EHES) and thiodiglycol (TDG), which represent sulfur mustard degradation products; and ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), methylphosphonic acid (MPA), npropylphosphonic acid nPPA), being degradation products of nerve agents and also benzylic acid (BA), a degradation product of 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ).…”

Section: Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Phase Microextraction Combined with Gas Chromatography - A Powerful Tool for the Determination of Chemical Warfare Agents and Related Compounds

Zygmunt¹,

Zaborowska²,

owska³

et al. 2007

COC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a very versatile, convenient and simple technique of sample preparation for chromatographic analysis. SPME finds increasingly wide acceptance in the isolation and enrichment of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and their degradation products in air, water and other liquid samples (e.g. urine), soil, clothing material, etc. for their gas chromatographic (GC) determination. Until now, typical commercially available fibers have mainly been used for the extraction of CWAs in direct immersion and headspace modes, although attempts were made to introduce new fiber coatings, characterized by higher selectivity towards the analytes of interest. The combination of SPME and GC enables reaching low detection limits dependent on the analyte, matrix, detection system, etc.; for example, single ppb for benzilic acid in soil and nerve agents in aqueous samples and 200 ppb for thiodiglycol, a degradation product of sulfur mustard.

show abstract

In-situ derivatisation of degradation products of chemical warfare agents in water by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis

Cited by 71 publications

References 3 publications

Three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction of organophosphorous nerve agent degradation products from complex samples

Three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction of organophosphorous nerve agent degradation products from complex samples

Solid phase microextraction sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for field detection of the chemical warfare agent O‐ethyl S‐(2‐diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX)

Solid Phase Microextraction Combined with Gas Chromatography - A Powerful Tool for the Determination of Chemical Warfare Agents and Related Compounds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About