In-situ determination of austenite and martensite formation in 13Cr6Ni2Mo supermartensitic stainless steel

Bojack, A.; Zhao, L.; Morris, P. F.; Sietsma, Jilt

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2012.06.004

Cited by 94 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It was found from austenitization experiments with a 13Cr6Ni2Mo SMSS, presented in a previous study, [14] that the formation of austenite from martensite takes place in two stages during heating. However, these experiments have been carried out with as-received, double-tempered material, containing about 21 vol pct retained austenite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It was discussed in a previous study [14] that the austenite formation from martensite during continuous heating at 3 K/min of an as-received sample occurs in two stages and that martensite is still present at 1107 K (834°C). This was found by dilatometry and confirmed by high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis.…”

Section: A Austenite Formation In Two Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, carbide dissolution during heating could promote the formation of austenite in two stages, where the release of C lowers the A c1 temperature. Since martensite was still present in the second stage, [14] the possibility that the second stage is due to carbide and/or nitride dissolution only can be excluded. The A e3 temperature of the 13Cr6Ni2Mo SMSS is found to be similar to the A 0 f1 temperature of the first stage (see Table II and Table III) and the dissolution of v-phase, M 23 C 6 , and VN are in equilibrium within the range of the second stage (see Table III), showing that the second stage of austenite formation might indeed be influenced by carbide/nitride dissolution.…”

Section: A Austenite Formation In Two Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Austenite Formation from Martensite in a 13Cr6Ni2Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

Bojack

Zhao

Morris

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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The influence of austenitization treatment of a 13Cr6Ni2Mo supermartensitic stainless steel (X2CrNiMoV13-5-2) on austenite formation during reheating and on the fraction of austenite retained after tempering treatment is measured and analyzed. The results show the formation of austenite in two stages. This is probably due to inhomogeneous distribution of the austenite-stabilizing elements Ni and Mn, resulting from their slow diffusion from martensite into austenite and carbide and nitride dissolution during the second, higher temperature, stage. A better homogenization of the material causes an increase in the transformation temperatures for the martensite-to-austenite transformation and a lower retained austenite fraction with less variability after tempering. Furthermore, the martensite-to-austenite transformation was found to be incomplete at the target temperature of 1223 K (950°C), which is influenced by the previous austenitization treatment and the heating rate. The activation energy for martensite-to-austenite transformation was determined by a modified Kissinger equation to be approximately 400 and 500 kJ/mol for the first and the second stages of transformation, respectively. Both values are much higher than the activation energy found during isothermal treatment in a previous study and are believed to be effective activation energies comprising the activation energies of both mechanisms involved, i.e., nucleation and growth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: A Austenite Formation In Two Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Austenite Formation In Two Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Austenite Formation from Martensite in a 13Cr6Ni2Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

Bojack

Zhao

Morris

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…In the modest tempering heat treatment, carbon enrichment in austenite was observed clearly by atom probe tomography (APT) and correlative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in a welldesigned model steel [7,9,20]. In some martensitic steels, such as Fe-13%Cr-4%Ni [11,12], Fe-13%Cr-6%Ni [10,13,21], Fe-16%Cr-5%Ni [22], and Fe-13%Cr-7%Ni-3%Si [23], during the intercritical tempering, martensite partially transforms to austenite. At the same time, austenite stabilizing elements, such as carbon and nickel, are enriched into the austenite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the evolution of retained austenite in Fe–13%Cr–4%Ni martensitic stainless steel during intercritical tempering

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

Materials & Design

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“…There are a lot of works (e.g. Tokizane et al (1982), Chang & Yu 2013, Wei et al 2013, Huang et al 2004, Bojack et al 2012 where staging of the α → γ-transformation is emphasized, but separation of temperature intervals of three different stages of austenite formation on the basis of volume effects has been done in this work for the first time. As for the steel in initially cold-deformed condition at the first 140 processing cycle, in the first phase the α → γ-transformation develops along the border of polygons, in a second phase -along the borders of recrystallized grains, in the third phase -in the volume of recrystallized grains.…”

Section: Dilatometric Analysis Of the α→γ-Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-speed thermal-cycle processing of low-carbon steel in the initially hardened and initially cold-deformed condition

Панов¹,

Smirnov²,

Simonov³

2016

10.5267/j.esm

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The article is concerned with the research of the processes of formation of the structure and properties of systemically alloyed low carbon steel 10H3G3MF in initially hardened and initially cold-deformed condition at high speed thermal-cycle processing (TCP). Metallographic, dilatometric and fractographic analysis, transmission electronic microscopy and uniaxial tensile test and impact test (salt spray chamber) are used as the research methods. It is shown that the maximum fine crushing of grain structure of austenite to 1 micron with high speed TCP of the researched steel in initially cold-deformed condition occurs at the first cycle of heating to 900 ° C, at the same time nanostructural condition of martensite is realized with an average size of stick in the plane of the foil of 60 ± 10 nm, which results in a substantial increase of complex of mechanical properties. It was found that in all studied modes of high speed TCP the α → γ-conversion with heating in the inter-critical temperature range consists of three stages.

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In-situ determination of austenite and martensite formation in 13Cr6Ni2Mo supermartensitic stainless steel

Cited by 94 publications

References 32 publications

Austenite Formation from Martensite in a 13Cr6Ni2Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

Austenite Formation from Martensite in a 13Cr6Ni2Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

Investigation of the evolution of retained austenite in Fe–13%Cr–4%Ni martensitic stainless steel during intercritical tempering

High-speed thermal-cycle processing of low-carbon steel in the initially hardened and initially cold-deformed condition

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