In situ embedment of type K sheathed thermocouples with directed energy deposition

Nuñez, Luis; Sabharwall, Piyush; Rooyen, Isabella J. van

doi:10.1007/s00170-023-11624-6

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…A thermocouple, consisting of two wires made of dissimilar metals, generates an electric current when one of the wire joints is heated, producing a thermoelectric voltage linearly proportional to temperature [216]. As an inexpensive, contact-type measurement device, thermocouples have been used to measure temperature at a specific fixed point on the surface of a substrate, aiding in determining deposition stability and the correlations between process parameters [217].…”

Section: Thermal Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Imran,

Che Idris,

De Silva

et al. 2024

Technologies

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This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in additive manufacturing, a transformative approach to industrial production that allows for the layer-by-layer construction of complex parts directly from digital models. Focusing specifically on Directed Energy Deposition, it begins by clarifying the fundamental principles of metal additive manufacturing as defined by International Organization of Standardization and American Society for Testing and Materials standards, with an emphasis on laser- and powder-based methods that are pivotal to Directed Energy Deposition. It explores the critical process mechanisms that can lead to defect formation in the manufactured parts, offering in-depth insights into the factors that influence these outcomes. Additionally, the unique mechanisms of defect formation inherent to Directed Energy Deposition are examined in detail. The review also covers the current landscape of process evaluation and non-destructive testing methods essential for quality assurance, including both traditional and contemporary in situ monitoring techniques, with a particular focus given to advanced machine-vision-based methods for geometric analysis. Furthermore, the integration of process monitoring, multiphysics simulation models, and data analytics is discussed, charting a forward-looking roadmap for the development of Digital Twins in Laser–Powder-based Directed Energy Deposition. Finally, this review highlights critical research gaps and proposes directions for future research to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of Directed Energy Deposition systems.

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Section: Thermal Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Imran,

Che Idris,

De Silva

et al. 2024

Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Sealing Ni-Cr/Ni-Al alloys with borosilicate glass: Bonding strength, sealing interface, and fracture behavior

Liu,

Zhou,

Gong

et al. 2024

Ceramics International

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In situ embedding of resistance temperature detectors with the use of laser-foil-printing additive manufacturing

Turk,

Dominguez,

Sutton

et al. 2024

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) allows sensor embedding with the freedom of geometry flexibility. This research aims to experimentally determine the viability of integrating Platinum resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) into AM 304L stainless steel parts using laser foil printing (LFP) for real-time measurement applications. Using metal foils as a feedstock in LFP provides higher conductivity and faster cooling rate resulting in higher strength compared to powder-bed AM. However, one of the common challenges during the laser aided metal AM processes is that the heat accumulation can damage the embedded sensor. This study uses spot pattern welding processing strategy to mitigate these process-related risks by minimizing the melt pool volume during the layered fabrication process. High-temperature resistant ceramic adhesives are employed to fill the gap, and to create a conductive interface between the feedstock and the sensor. After curing the ceramic adhesives, in situ temperature measurement data are collected to investigate the success of the sensor embedding process. This work demonstrates the feasibility for LFP smart manufacturing, offering the potential for component embedding and an advanced real-time monitoring system.

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In situ embedment of type K sheathed thermocouples with directed energy deposition

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Sealing Ni-Cr/Ni-Al alloys with borosilicate glass: Bonding strength, sealing interface, and fracture behavior

In situ embedding of resistance temperature detectors with the use of laser-foil-printing additive manufacturing

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