In situ fabrication of silver nanoparticle-filled hydrogen titanate nanotube layer on metallic titanium surface for bacteriostatic and biocompatible implantation

Abstract

Abstract:A silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-filled hydrogen titanate nanotube layer was synthesized in situ on a metallic titanium substrate. In the synthesis approach, a layer of sodium titanate nanotubes is first prepared on the titanium surface by using a hydrothermal method. Silver nitrate solution is absorbed into the nanotube channels by immersing a dried nanotube layer in silver nitrate solution. Finally, silver ions are reduced by glucose, leading to the in situ growth of AgNPs in the hydrogen titanate nanotube channels. Long-term silver release and bactericidal experiments demonstrated that the effective silver release and effective antibacterial period of the titanium foil with a AgNP-filled hydrogen titanate nanotube layer on the surface can extend to more than 15 days. This steady and prolonged release characteristic is helpful to promote a long-lasting antibacterial capability for the prevention of severe infection after surgery. A series of antimicrobial and biocompatible tests have shown that the sandwich nanostructure with a low level of silver loading exhibits a bacteriostatic rate as high as 99.99%, while retaining low toxicity for cells and possessing high osteogenic potential. Titanium foil with a AgNPfilled hydrogen titanate nanotube layer on the surface that is fabricated with low-cost surface modification methods is a promising implantable material that will find applications in artificial bones, joints, and dental implants.

Review of titanium surface modification techniques and coatings for antibacterial applications

“…[73][74][75]146] Others found reductions in bacterial counts in vitro up to 90% compared to commercially pure titanium on nano-Ti surfaces and up to 100% for nano-AgHA when tested against E. coli, S. epidermidis and S. aureus. [76][77][78][79][80][81][82] It has recently been shown that a titanium nanotube surface exhibited antimicrobial properties and down-regulated the glycosyltransferase genes of Strep. Mutans [83].…”

Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs enhance osteogenic activity in vitro by modulating TNF‐α/β‐catenin signaling in bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…And the study by AshaRani et al has demonstrated that silver nanoparticles disrupt cell membranes and induce apoptosis through oxidative damage (AshaRani et al, 2009). Moreover, it has been suggested that in orthopedic treatments, silver nanoparticles may detach from the grafts and cause damage to the surrounding cellular tissues (Wang et al, 2013). Pauksch et al have demonstrated that 10 μg/g of silver nanoparticles are toxic to BMSCs (Pauksch et al, 2014).…”