In situ formation of low friction ceramic coatings on carbon steel by plasma electrolytic oxidation in two types of electrolytes

Wang, Yunlong; Jiang, Zhaohua

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.01.089

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These wear tests demonstrated that PEN/C at the boiling temperature of the electrolyte improves the dry sliding wear resistance of carbon steel in a short time of 9 min. Indeed, the worn surface of PEN/C‐treated samples in this study was different from that of untreated material and that occurs on the surfaces produced by other comparatively electrolytic treatments 7, 8. It is obvious that the improvement was due to the resistance of the nitrocarburized layers to plastic deformation and prevention of the adhesion and oxidation between the surfaces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The increase in hardness across the nitrocarburized layer of treated samples could also be attributed in part to the presence of fine nanocrystalline grains in relatively dense compound layers if compared to that of porous compound layers that were produced in previous studies 7, 8, 10, 16. The pore closure in the porous layers affects the hardness measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In fact, wear of the treated surfaces mainly occurred in abrasion modes without considerable oxidation on the surface which was in contrast to the severe adhesive and oxidative wear experienced by the untreated steel surfaces 2. Also it could be suggested that the irregularities in the compound layer may help the wear resistance in terms of hindering the shear between the compound layer and the interface in contrast to flat interface in other conventional treatments 7–9…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since two previous decades surface treatments of gas and plasma nitriding, nitrocarburizing or carbonitriding were employed to improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon and alloyed steels 1–3. Plasma electrolytic treatment is also being used as an emerging surface engineering technique for hardening and/or commercial application of hard nitride and carbide layers4–7 and low friction and corrosion‐resistant oxide layers on carbon steels 8. Plasma electrolytic treatments are a combination of conventional electrolysis and atmospheric plasma processes that have been an important field of research for recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface modification and wear test of carbon steel by plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing

Rastkar

Shokri

2011

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing (PEN/C) was applied to the surface of carbon steel under the boiling condition of saturated urea electrolyte. In addition to the general effect of the bath temperature, different applied voltages and processing times were also considered in this new process. Optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, microhardness and pin-on-disc wear tests were used to characterize the PEN/C-treated surfaces. A mixture of θ-(Fe 3 C) and ε-(Fe 2 -3 N) was found in the compound layers. At certain conditions, dense surface layers with minimum porosity were observed at the top of the samples. The boiling condition resulted in special character of the compound layers on the surface. The layers consisted of some irregularities grown inward the samples andaffected the characteristics of the surface layers. The microhardness of the PEN/C-treated layers increased up to 1280 HV0.1, which was 3 to 4 times higher than that for untreated material and higher than that obtained by other investigators (750 HV0.1). PEN/C decreased the wear loss of carbon steel significantly due to the change of the adhesive wear of untreated material to the abrasive mode of treated surfaces. The major advantage of this technique was a higher growth rate of the nitrocarburized layers and a more significant improvement in the tribological performance of the treated samples if compared to similarly oriented surface treatments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface modification and wear test of carbon steel by plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing

Rastkar

Shokri

2011

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…The heat exchange term with the substrate (the second term on the right-hand side of Equation ( 19)) is not considered for the emulsion region beneath the substrate. By considering the assumption of cross-sectional temperature uniformity, the radial temperature gradient term is removed from Equations ( 18) and (19). The error incurred due to this assumption decreases with an increase in inlet fluidization velocity.…”

Section: Energy Balance Solvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluidization‐based chemical vapour deposition for alumina coating on tubular carbon steel substrates—Modelling and validation

et al. 2022

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The degradation of carbon steels due to corrosion and gaseous permeation phenomena can be significantly reduced by a thin alumina coating. Tubular carbon steel structures, commonly employed in nuclear establishments are particularly vulnerable to chemical degradation on the inner surface due to the flow of corrosive fluids. In the present work, a fluidization-based chemical vapour deposition process is applied as a one-step solution for simultaneous chemical passivation of both inner and outer substrate surfaces meanwhile optimizing precursor inventory by utilizing fluidized bed sublimation and induction heating techniques. The process is studied by using a 2D-1D mathematical model, which has been validated with experimental results for different carbon steel grades. It was observed that there exists an optimum fluidization velocity for a specified initial mass fraction of precursor powder at which mass of alumina deposited per unit mass of precursor sublimated is maximized.

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Influence of Silicate Concentration in Electrolyte on the Growth and Performance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings Prepared on Low Carbon Steel

Yang

Peng

Liu

et al. 2018

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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In situ formation of low friction ceramic coatings on carbon steel by plasma electrolytic oxidation in two types of electrolytes

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Surface modification and wear test of carbon steel by plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing

Surface modification and wear test of carbon steel by plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing

Fluidization‐based chemical vapour deposition for alumina coating on tubular carbon steel substrates—Modelling and validation

Influence of Silicate Concentration in Electrolyte on the Growth and Performance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings Prepared on Low Carbon Steel

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