In-situ formation of solidified hydrogen thin-membrane targets using a pulse tube cryocooler

Astbury, S.; Bedacht, S.; Brummitt, P.; Carroll, D. C.; Clarke, R.L.; Crisp, S; Hernandez‐Gomez, C.; Holligan, P.; Hook, Steve; Merchan, J. Suarez; Neely, D.; Ortner, A.; Rathbone, Donald E.; Rice, Perry; Schaumann, G.; Scott, Graeme; Spindloe, C.; Spurdle, S; Tebartz, A.; Tomlinson, Stephanie; Wagner, F.; Borghesi, M.; Roth, Markus; Tolley, M.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/713/1/012006

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This class of targets allows to study laser-driven ion acceleration with pure solid hydrogen or deuterium targets. Several laboratories have been developing systems for in situ formation of cryogenic targets by casting [116] , extrusion [117] and condensation [118] . Casting is not suitable for production of targets with thick-ness below 1 mm because of stress in the hydrogen layer during separation from a casting plate.…”

Section: Other Target Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In principle, extruders for cryogenic wires with diameter of a few microns are available, but their use is strongly limited by spatial instabilities. CLF and TUD developed a pulse tube cryocooler based on condensation: gaseous hydrogen is injected in a sealed chamber, where it is condensed and then frozen onto a target substrate producing hydrogen layers with thickness of a few hundreds of [118] . This system allows for good spatial stability of targets, reduced hydrogen gas pressures and quick target growth.…”

Section: Target Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Targets for high repetition rate laser facilities: needs, challenges and perspectives

Prencipe

Fuchs

Pascarelli

et al. 2017

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

132

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2 I. Prencipe et al.Abstract A number of laser facilities coming online all over the world promise the capability of high-power laser experiments with shot repetition rates between 1 and 10 Hz. Target availability and technical issues related to the interaction environment could become a bottleneck for the exploitation of such facilities. In this paper, we report on target needs for three different classes of experiments: dynamic compression physics, electron transport and isochoric heating, and laser-driven particle and radiation sources. We also review some of the most challenging issues in target fabrication and high repetition rate operation. Finally, we discuss current target supply strategies and future perspectives to establish a sustainable target provision infrastructure for advanced laser facilities.

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Section: Other Target Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Target Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targets for high repetition rate laser facilities: needs, challenges and perspectives

Prencipe

Fuchs

Pascarelli

et al. 2017

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As cryogenic targets quickly evaporate without cooling, they cannot be transported and need to be produced and characterized in situ. Thus, a cooled setup is needed, realized by a closed circuit helium cooling unit made by SUMITOMO Cryogenics (RDK-415D, employing a modified Gifford-McMahon process) with a cooling power of 1.5 W at a base temperature of 4.2 K. In cooperation with Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, usage of a pulse tube cryocooler 8 (SUMITOMO Cryogenics RP-082B) with a cooling power of 1.0 W at a base temperature of 4.2 K was also available. Both units are equipped for the attachment of actively cooled heat shielding to lower the amount of thermal radiation from the room temperature surroundings.…”

Section: Cooling Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation and characterization of free-standing cryogenic targets for laser-driven ion acceleration

Tebartz

Bedacht

Hesse

et al. 2017

Review of Scientific Instruments

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A technique for the creation of free-standing cryogenic targets for laser-driven ion acceleration is presented, which allows us to create solid state targets consisting of initially gaseous materials. In particular, the use of deuterium and the methods for its preparation as a target material for laser-driven ion acceleration are discussed. Moving in the phase diagram through the liquid phase leads to the substance covering an aperture on a cooled copper frame where it is solidified through further cooling. An account of characterization techniques for target thickness is given, with a focus on deducing thickness values from distance values delivered by chromatic confocal sensors.

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“…It is shown that the fraction of total ion beam energy in each species and their spectral features can be controlled by varying the heavier ion layer thickness. Experimentally, this is achieved using state of the art cryogenic targetry [22], where nanometer-thick layers of solid density deuterium are frozen onto the rear surface of a target substrate, on which hydrogen rich monolayers are present.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cryogenic targetry system used to conduct the experiment is described extensively elsewhere [22] and was used in this work to cool a 100 μm thick, planar gold foil to 7 K. The gold substrate naturally has a significant presence of contaminant monolayers on its surfaces, which is the source of hydrogen in this experiment. A 1 mm diameter wide, cooled deuterium gas delivering capillary was positioned at a distance of 10 mm from, and directed toward, the target foil, to ensure uniform coverage over a significant surface area.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Ion Species Plasma Expansion from Isotopically Layered Cryogenic Targets

Scott¹,

Carroll²,

Astbury³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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A dual ion species plasma expansion scheme from a novel target structure is introduced, in which a nanometer-thick layer of pure deuterium exists as a buffer species at the target-vacuum interface of a hydrogen plasma. Modeling shows that by controlling the deuterium layer thickness, a composite H^{+}/D^{+} ion beam can be produced by target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA), with an adjustable ratio of ion densities, as high energy proton acceleration is suppressed by the acceleration of a spectrally peaked deuteron beam. Particle in cell modeling shows that a (4.3±0.7) MeV per nucleon deuteron beam is accelerated, in a directional cone of half angle 9°. Experimentally, this was investigated using state of the art cryogenic targetry and a spectrally peaked deuteron beam of (3.4±0.7) MeV per nucleon was measured in a cone of half angle 7°-9°, while maintaining a significant TNSA proton component.

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In-situ formation of solidified hydrogen thin-membrane targets using a pulse tube cryocooler

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Targets for high repetition rate laser facilities: needs, challenges and perspectives

Targets for high repetition rate laser facilities: needs, challenges and perspectives

Creation and characterization of free-standing cryogenic targets for laser-driven ion acceleration

Dual Ion Species Plasma Expansion from Isotopically Layered Cryogenic Targets

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