“…Fourthly, developing advanced electrode materials, adjusting the specic parameters of the microelectrodes and conguring a preferable 3D microstructure to improve the specic surface area, mass loading and conductivity of active materials, and then promoting the energy density, power density and cycle life of micro-LIBs should be further studied. For example, emerging hybrid-type anode materials such as alloyintercalation-type (SnS 2 /CNTs) 141 and conversion-alloy-type (Sb 2 S 3 ) 142 anode materials could also be studied in micro-LIBs to improve the energy densities of cells, owing to their high theoretical capacities and relatively low operating voltages. [143][144][145] In addition, it is important to explore in situ and semi-in situ characterization techniques (such as in situ X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, in situ conductive atomic force microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, cryo-electron microscopy, etc.…”