In-situ Measurements of Acoustic Wave Propagation Characteristics in the Middle and Upper Atmosphere On-board S-310-41 Sounding Rocket

Kihara, Daiki; Yamamoto, Masa‐yuki; Morinaga, Takatoshi; Hatakeyama, A.; Manabe, Yudai; Furumoto, Jun-ichi; Kakinami, Yoshihiro; Abe, Takumi

doi:10.2322/tastj.12.pm_1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Even in this type of experiment, however, one can obtain only the speed of sound averaged over the altitudes from the ground to the lower thermosphere. Recently, direct observation of attenuation of the acoustic waves in the upper atmosphere was made using a high‐precision barometer on‐board a sounding rocket (Kihara et al., 2014) although this method has not yet been fully established. The neutral temperature in the lower thermosphere, which is one of the factors to determine the speed of sound, is also observed by using the sounding rockets and radars, but the places to observe it are limited.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset Altitudes of Co‐Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Determined by Multiple Distributions of GNSS TEC After the Foreshock of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on March 9, 2011

Kakinami

Saito

Yamamoto

et al. 2021

Earth and Space Science

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset Altitudes of Co‐Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Determined by Multiple Distributions of GNSS TEC After the Foreshock of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on March 9, 2011

Kakinami

Saito

Yamamoto

et al. 2021

Earth and Space Science

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“…Under such conditions, sound at about 100 Hz would propagate easily, as predicted and observed in the Earth's stratosphere. 13,14) In addition, a photodiode could detect lightning or meteor flashes, if operated at night.…”

Section: Instrumentation Requirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Dust and Discharges around a Martian Rover with Onboard Hazard Analyses using Electromagnetic and Acoustic Wave Measurements

Yamamoto

Sato

Ishisaka

et al. 2016

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

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A remote-sensing payload designed for a Mars rover, to observe Martian discharge events induced by dust devils and storms, is introduced. Low-frequency electromagnetic (E-M) and acoustic wave (AW) measurements have never been performed on Mars. Thus, to date, the occurrence of large-scale electrical discharges on Mars remains unknown. These measurements are important, due to the long propagation distances (>100 km) of these atmospheric events and the potential damage incurred by Martian rover systems and future human landings. Combining E-M and AW measurements, precise distance information on dust storms and dust devils can be obtained using the velocities of light and sound, because discharges are generated by electrostatic processes in a low-pressure dusty atmosphere. Moreover, by estimating electrical conductivity using E-M waves, information on underground moisture may be obtained. The rover will also record the sounds of roaring winds, shock waves caused by meteor entries, the possible eruption of ground gases, liquid flow, and the operating sounds of the rover itself − all historic firsts for Mars exploration.

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Specification of INF01LE, INF03, and INF04LE infrasound sensors for the observation and detection of destructive geophysical events

Nishikawa,

Yamamoto,

Yokota

et al. 2024

Discov Geosci

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When an object moves through the atmosphere, it induces pressure fluctuations. If the scale of the object’s movement spans several hundred meters to several kilometers, the period of the pressure fluctuation will range from several seconds to several tens of seconds, determined by the ratio of the scale to the speed of sound. These pressure fluctuations manifest within the frequency range between audible sound (> 20 Hz) and infrasound (< 20 Hz and > 3 mHz). The infrasonic waves, characterized by their low-frequency nature, present a promising avenue for long-distance remote sensing, particularly in the monitoring of geophysical events with the potential for widespread destruction, such as earthquakes and tsunamis. We developed sensors of both membrane and microphone types to monitor infrasound in lower or higher frequency, respectively. These sensors were installed on the Pacific side of Japan to observe infrasound mainly generated by tsunamis. The key advantage lies in the faster propagation speed of Lamb waves ( $$\sim$$ ∼ 310 m/s) compared to that of tsunami waves ( $$\sim$$ ∼ 200 m/s), making them a valuable precursor for timely detection. By combining with a small MEMS 3-axis accelerometers, this study explores the feasibility of identifying a sudden atmospheric pressure surge within the infrasonic frequency range, following a significant earthquake. The observed surge serves as a crucial indicator of the imminent arrival of large tsunami waves along the shoreline situated between the earthquake’s epicenter and the observation site. The practical implication of this detection methodology is profound, as it could potentially trigger early warning systems, leading to timely and targeted evacuations. These infrasound sensors effectively detected infrasound produced not only by tsunamis but also by volcanic eruptions, meteorite explosions, and so on. This research focuses on the significance of monitoring geophysical events in the infrasound frequency range by demonstrating the development of our infrasound sensors and the natural phenomena captured by these instruments. The study presents observational results based on three types of sensors (INF01LE, INF03, and INF04LE), each exhibiting a flat response within specific frequency ranges: 0.003 to 6.25 Hz, 0.1 to 100 Hz, and 0.1 to 100 Hz, respectively. These sensors have been rigorously tested across various natural phenomena to validate their effectiveness in capturing infrasonic waves. The findings of this research contribute to the growing body of knowledge on infrasonic wave coming from various geophysical disaster perspectives.

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In-situ Measurements of Acoustic Wave Propagation Characteristics in the Middle and Upper Atmosphere On-board S-310-41 Sounding Rocket

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Onset Altitudes of Co‐Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Determined by Multiple Distributions of GNSS TEC After the Foreshock of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on March 9, 2011

Onset Altitudes of Co‐Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Determined by Multiple Distributions of GNSS TEC After the Foreshock of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on March 9, 2011

Studies of Dust and Discharges around a Martian Rover with Onboard Hazard Analyses using Electromagnetic and Acoustic Wave Measurements

Specification of INF01LE, INF03, and INF04LE infrasound sensors for the observation and detection of destructive geophysical events

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