In-situ Microtribology with High Local Resolution

Weinhold, Wolfgang P.; Mueller, E.; Stengler, Ralph; Stoll, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03653-8_232

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This machine is able to exert normal loads from 10 mN up to 1000 mN at scratch velocities of 0.01 up to 2.5 mm/s. The scratch test is performed fully automatically using the machine's indenter (scratch tip) for scratching and for tactile topography measuring before scratching . Thereby information is gained about total deformation caused by the indenter, which corresponds to the indentation depth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b) Scratching with a defined normal force (2). (G: total deformation, x: motion of the plate, z: motion of the indenter)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b) Scratching with a defined normal force (2). (G: total deformation, x: motion of the plate, z: motion of the indenter) [32,33] Figure 2. Injection molded plate with indications of scratch testing positions close to and far from the gate as well as in the center and at the edge of the plate.…”

Section: Processing Of Test Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scratch test is performed fully automatically using the machine's indenter (scratch tip) for scratching and for tactile topography measuring before scratching. [32,33] Thereby information is gained about total deformation caused by the indenter, which corresponds to the indentation depth. To avoid well known effects of time-dependent depth recovery of the scratch deformation, in this study the indentation depth is measured in situ while scratching.…”

Section: Scratch Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Capability of Scratch Testing − A View on the Influence of Injection Molding, Water Absorption, and Blend Systems of Polymeric Materials

Moneke

Seeger

Stengler

2019

Macromolecular Symposia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scratch tests have been performed on a set of different ductile and brittle thermoplastics to investigate the influence of injection molding, water absorption and blending on the indentation depth during scratching and hence the scratch resistance. For the measurements a universal surface tester (UST) has been used which allows to control the normal force between 10 and 1000 mN and the velocity between 0.01 and 2.5 mm/s during scratching while at the same time measuring the indentation depth with a sub‐micron resolution. It could be shown that the water uptake of polyamide 6.6 (PA6.6) doubles the indentation depth from approx. 10 microns to approx. 20 microns within the first 2 h. The indentation depth also strongly correlates with the position of measurement on an injection molded plate. Near the gate, the indentation depth measured in processing direction is always higher than at a position far from the gate. Similarly the indentation depth always is higher at the center compared to at the edge of the plate. For amorphous thermoplastics this surface anisotropy can be explained by the molecular orientation resulting from the flow and cooling processes during injection molding. When blending poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) the indentation depth increases with increasing TPU content. Overall, scratch testing proves to be a quick and easy tool to investigate surface related effects in plastics engineering and polymer science.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b) Scratching with a defined normal force (2). (G: total deformation, x: motion of the plate, z: motion of the indenter)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Processing Of Test Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scratch Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Capability of Scratch Testing − A View on the Influence of Injection Molding, Water Absorption, and Blend Systems of Polymeric Materials

Moneke

Seeger

Stengler

2019

Macromolecular Symposia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nanoparticles implemented in coatings strongly influence the durability of a product. In order to char-acterisethe effect of nanoparticles in the coatings of wind turbine blades, the micro-mechanical and tribological properties of the wind turbine blades coated with nanoparticles were analyzed by Weinhold and coworkers [97]. Moreover, the influence of the nanoparticles on the coatings' properties and the optimization of friction and of durability under real conditions were evaluated.…”

Section: Wind Turbines and Smart Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments of green tribology

Zhang¹

2016

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Green tribology is a new field of greatinterest to a large number of tribologists. This article reviews the latest advances in this area including energy conservation, emission reduction, super-low friction and super-low wear, wind turbines,smart coatings, and fundamentals. Moreover, an overview ofthe future development of green tribology is also presented. Ecological lubricants/fluidsRecently, Holmberg and coworkers [8] demonstrated the global impact of friction on energy consumption, environment and economy through two case studies on passenger cars and paper machines [9, 10]. The authors showed the amount of energy lost to overcome friction and how to improve the energy efficiency of mechanical systems. They concluded that the global fleet of passenger cars used 33% of their total fuel energy annually to overcome friction, and the paper machines on aglobal level used 9.2% of the total energy annually and 32% of the electrical energy of the paper machines to overcome friction. In total, 100 million TJ/a is annually consumed to overcome friction worldwide, which is contributing to the global emission with 7000 million tones of CO 2 annually.Low-dimensional nano-materials with self-lubricating capability (such as MoS 2 , WS 2 , graphite, carbon nanotubes and so on) might be considered as potential anti-friction and wear additives for future engine oil application, owing to their unique size, shape, chemistry and structure morphology. In 2013, Erdemir [11] reviewed the latest research trends in 0 to 3D selflubricating nano-materials as potential oil additives and their prospects for commercial applications. He concluded that self-lubricating nano-materials with 0 to 3D structural architectures may hold great promise for further enhancing the anti-friction, -wear, and -scuffing performance of future lubricating oils.Considering that the rare-earth fluoride in base oil has good extreme pressure, anti-wear and friction performance,the lanthanum fluoride (LaF 3 ), in particular, displayspromising applications as a lubrication additive. Zhang and coworkers [12] evaluated the RECEIVED

show abstract

In-situ Microtribology with High Local Resolution

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Capability of Scratch Testing − A View on the Influence of Injection Molding, Water Absorption, and Blend Systems of Polymeric Materials

Capability of Scratch Testing − A View on the Influence of Injection Molding, Water Absorption, and Blend Systems of Polymeric Materials

Recent developments of green tribology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About