In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt: A driving force for explosive eruptions

Genova, Danilo Di; Brooker, Richard A.; Mader, Heidy M; Drewitt, James W. E.; Longo, Allessandro; Deubener, Joachim; Neuville, Daniel R.; Fanara, Sara; Shebanova, Olga; Anzellini, Simone; Arzilli, Fabio; Bamber, Emily C.; Hennet, Louis; Spina, Giuseppe La; Miyajima, Nobuyoshi

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb0413

Cited by 87 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(157 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequently, the study of magma viscosity remains a central objective in physical volcanology as its parametrization feeds numerical models of volcanic eruptions (Gonnermann & Manga, 2013; Papale, 1999), pyroclastic density current scenarios (Ongaro et al., 2008), and ash‐cloud transport (Mastin et al., 2009) that are used for operational forecasting of eruption evolution and planning of emergency response and evacuation (Marzocchi et al., 2012). The viscosity of magmas spans

1 0^{- 3} - 1 0^{13}

Pa s and is controlled by temperature (

T

), melt composition (

x

), micro and nanocrystals (

Φ_{c}

), and bubble (

Φ_{b}

) volume fraction (Bagdassarov & Dingwell, 1992; Caricchi et al., 2007; Chevrel et al., 2015; Cordonnier et al., 2009; Costa et al., 2009; Davì et al., 2009; Dingwell et al., 1996, 2004; Di Genvova, Brooker, et al., 2020; Di Genova, Kolzenburg, et al., 2017; Di Genova, Romano, Alletti, et al., 2014; Di Genova, Zandona, & Deubener, 2020; Dobson et al., 1996; Giordano et al., 2009; Hess et al., 2001; Ishibashi & Sato, 2007; Kolzenburg et al., 2018; Lejeune et al., 1999; Liebske et al., 2003, 2005; Manga et al., 1998; Misiti et al., 2011; Mueller et al., 2010; Norton & Pinkerton, 1997; Pistone et al., 2012; Richet et al., 1996; Robert et al., 2013; Romano et al., 2003; Sehlke et al., 2014; Stabile et al., 2016; Stagno et al., 2018; Stein & Spera, 2002; Vetere et al., 2008, 2013; Vona et ...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Viscosity of Anhydrous and Hydrous Volcanic Melts

Langhammer

Genova

Steinle‐Neumann

2021

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The viscosity of volcanic melts is a dominant factor in controlling the fluid dynamics of magmas and thereby eruption style. It can vary by several orders of magnitude, depending on temperature, chemical composition, and water content. The experimentally accessible temperature range is restricted by melt crystallization and gas exsolution. Therefore, modeling viscosity as a function of temperature and water content is central to physical volcanology. We present a model that describes these dependencies by combining a physically motivated equation for temperature dependence of viscosity and a glass transition temperature (Tg) model for the effects of water. The equation uses the viscosity at infinite temperature η∞, Tg, and the steepness factor m as fitting parameters. We investigate the effect of leaving η∞ free as a parameter and fixing its value, by fitting anhydrous viscosity data of 45 volcanic melts using the temperature dependent model. Both approaches describe experimental data well. Using a constant η∞ therefore provides a viable route for extrapolating viscosity from data restricted to small temperature intervals. Our model describes hydrous data over a wide compositional range of terrestrial magmas (26 data sets) with comparable or better quality than literature fits. With η∞ constrained, we finally apply our model to viscosities derived by differential scanning calorimetry and find—by comparing to viscometry based data and models—that this approach can be used to reliably describe the dependence of viscosity on temperature and water content. This introduces important implications for modeling the effects of nanostructure formation on viscosity.

show abstract

1 0^{- 3} - 1 0^{13}

Pa s and is controlled by temperature (

T

), melt composition (

x

), micro and nanocrystals (

Φ_{c}

), and bubble (

Φ_{b}

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Viscosity of Anhydrous and Hydrous Volcanic Melts

Langhammer

Genova

Steinle‐Neumann

2021

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should be noted that pre-eruptive H 2 O melt contents from melt inclusions in the GT [H 2 O ≤ 4.2 wt%, Lanzo et al, 2013] are comparable with contents from much lower explosivity pantellerite eruptions (H 2 O max = 4.4 wt%, Gioncada and Landi [2010]) and with H 2 O melt inferred from phase equilibria experiments [Di Carlo et al, 2010, Romano et al, 2020. This evidence may suggest that other than the pre-eruptive H 2 O melt eruptive triggers must be considered; one might be related to an abrupt syneruptive viscosity increase due to nanolites growth [Càceres et al, 2020, Di Genova et al, 2020.…”

Section: Welding and Rheomorphismmentioning

confidence: 54%

Volcanological evolution of Pantelleria Island (Strait of Sicily) peralkaline volcano: a review

Rotolo

Scaillet²,

Speranza

et al. 2022

Comptes Rendus. Géoscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pantelleria volcano has a particularly intriguing evolutionary history intimately related to the peralkaline composition of its explosively erupted magmas. Due to the stratigraphic complexity, studies over the last two decades have explored either only the pre-Green Tuff ignimbrite volcanism or the post-Green Tuff activity. We here focus on the whole evolutionary history, detailing the achievements since the first pioneering studies, in order to illustrate how the adoption and integration of progressively more accurate methods ( 40 Ar/ 39 Ar, paleomagnetism, petrography, and detailed field study) have provided many important independent answers to unresolved questions. We also discuss rheomorphism, a distinct feature at Pantelleria, at various scales and possible evidence for multiple, now hidden, caldera collapses. Although the evolutionary history of Pantelleria has shown that each ignimbrite event was followed by a period of less intense explosivity (as could be the present-day case), new geochronological and geochemical data may indicate a long-term waning of volcanic activity.

show abstract

Section: Different Color Types Of the Drift Pumice Clastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent experimental study by Di Genova et al (2020) revealed that nanolite precipitation is a transient phenomenon that is preserved at a high cooling rate of 10-20°C/s, whereas slow cooling allowed microlites to form. Di Genova et al (2020) suggested that a small amount (~ 4 vol.%) of nanoparticles and a shear rate of 3.5 s -1 would increase the viscosity by a factor of 10 2 within 100 s of nanolite formation. Given that the brown-colored glass of the present study contains nanolites and that this increased its viscosity, this can explain the less deformed texture of the black pumice as compared with the gray pumice (Fig.…”

Section: Different Color Types Of the Drift Pumice Clastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variety of the drift pumice clasts from the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba eruption, Japan.

Yoshida¹,

Tamura²,

Sato³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pumice rafts that arrived at the Nansei Islands, Japan, provided a unique opportunity to investigate the Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba (FOB) eruption of August 2021. Despite drifting for two months for >1300 km, the drift pumice raft had a large volume and contained a variety of pumice clasts, some of which were deposited during a high tide in a typhoon, while others were washed up on a sandy beach. Most of the drift pumice clasts are gray in color, vesicular, and have a groundmass containing black enclaves, which are similar to those collected in the ocean near FOB about one week after the eruption. Rare black pumice and the main gray pumice components have similar trachytic compositions, with SiO2 = 61–62 mass% and total alkalis = 8.6–10 mass% (on an anhydrous basis). Both pumice types contain clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and rare olivine phenocrysts. Thin-section observations show that the gray pumice has more elongated vesicles as compared with the black pumice that has spherical vesicles, even where the two types of pumice are in the same clast. The glass in the black pumice is transparent and brown in color, while that in the gray pumice is colorless. No micro or nano-crystals were observed during electron and optical microscopy in the brown domain. Raman spectra of the brown-colored glass exhibit a clear magnetite peak, suggesting magnetite nanolites cause the brown color. High-Mg (100 × Mg/[Mg+Fe] = 92) olivine in the black pumice has an equilibrium temperature of 1240 °C and a rim diffusion profile indicative of re-equilibration with the surrounding melt over a period of hours to days.The textural relationships between the gray and black pumice suggest that the black pumice had become black and viscous before the two types of pumice mixed. Therefore, crystallization of magnetite nanolites and a corresponding increase in melt viscosity were important in the eruption preparation process, which then resulted in a large-scale Plinian eruption.

show abstract

In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt: A driving force for explosive eruptions

Cited by 87 publications

References 76 publications

Modeling the Viscosity of Anhydrous and Hydrous Volcanic Melts

Modeling the Viscosity of Anhydrous and Hydrous Volcanic Melts

Volcanological evolution of Pantelleria Island (Strait of Sicily) peralkaline volcano: a review

Variety of the drift pumice clasts from the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba eruption, Japan.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About