In situ polymerization of surface-active agents on latex particles II. The mechanical stability of styrene/butadiene latexes

Reactive Surfactants

“…The maximum latex surface coverage attained by polymerization in an adsorption layer of that SURFMER was around 80 % [36]. The mechanical stability of the latexes stabilized with in situ polymerized SURFMER was found to be higher than that stabilized with monomeric SURFMER [37].…”

“…It was in 1970 that for the first time the application of a SURFMER in emulsion polymerization was reported [36,37]. The system investigated was a styrene/butadiene emulsion polymerization in the presence of sodium 9-(and 10)-acrylamido stearate.…”

Reactive surfactants in heterophase polymerization

“…In a second series, the same amounts of NaAAS were adsorbed onto the particles of the cleaned latexes, but this time no polymerization was allowed to take place. Mechanical stability measurements were performed on both series of latexes by subjecting them to high shear (2700 rpm, 30 min, 30 8C) [46]. It was found that, except at low coverages where the amount of NaAAS used to prepare the initial latexes might play a significant role, the latexes containing polymerized surfmer were more stable than the latexes containing adsorbed surfmer.…”

Polymerized assemblies of cationic gemini surfactants in aqueous solution

“…We also reported in our previous paper [5] that spherical aggregates (3 nm in average diameter) are clearly observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as a result of polymerization of spherical micelles formed in an aqueous solution in the absence of added electrolytes. This suggests that the synthesized polymerizable gemini surfactant may be useful in developing nano-structural organic templates in aqueous solution, based on a similar concept regarding the micelle-structure templating agent [6,7] and the polymerizable emulsion stabilizer [8,9]. In the current article we demonstrate a variety of polymerized assemblies induced by a change in the electrolyte concentration in solution.…”