In Situ Probes for Measurement of Electrical Conductivity of Soilless Substrates: Effects of Temperature and Substrate Moisture Content

Scoggins, Holly L.; Iersel, Marc W. van

doi:10.21273/hortsci.41.1.210

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The solution proved to be effective and efficient. Similar results were obtained in other studies on container nurseries (Scoggins 2006;Treder 2007;Million, Yeager 2012;Kargas et al 2013). These studies have played an important role in optimising irrigation systems and improving the quality of stocked nursery produce.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Visualization and quantification of peat substrate moisture by fully automated moisture controlling system (SMCS) in forest container nursery

Durło

Kormanek

Małek

et al. 2018

Forest Research Papers

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This study explores the use of fully automatic monitoring system of peat moss substrate moisture under pine seedlings at Rudy Raciborskie forest nursery in the Silesian Upland. A brand new multipoint system for this study was created. The multichannel electronic recorder MPI-DN Metronic was the main part of the project. Twelve HD3910.2 probes (three electrodes) for volumetric water content measurement were used in a distributed configuration. Modbus RTU protocols were used for data transmission and the results were archived into an internal memory. One probe delivers 1440 measurements a day. Based on the average substrate moisture data from the field, the recorder controls the watering system according to the precisely defined parameters. Proper placement of sensors in the field allows for accurate analysis of the temporal and spatial variability of peat moss substrate moisture. Results of the statistical analysis have confirmed that the peat moss moisture is significantly differentiated within the homogeneous production field of the forest seedlings. The study findings suggest that irrigation systems should be adapted to specific situation of substrate moisture at the nursery surfaces aimed at optimised water management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Visualization and quantification of peat substrate moisture by fully automated moisture controlling system (SMCS) in forest container nursery

Durło

Kormanek

Małek

et al. 2018

Forest Research Papers

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“…Plants were watered to saturation and then allowed to drain for 30 min before measurements of pH and EC. The pH was directly measured using an IQ 150 pH Meter (Spectrum Technologies, Inc., Plainfield, IL), and EC was directly measured using a Field Scout Ò Soil EC Probe & Meter (Spectrum Technologies, Inc., Plainfield, IL) (Scoggins and van Iersel, 2006). One reading of pH and EC was taken per pot with 10 pots (replications) per treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Marigold Growth and Flowering

Bi¹,

Evans²,

Spiers³

et al. 2010

horts

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the growth and flowering responses of greenhouse-grown French marigold (Tagetes patula L. ‘Janie Deep Orange’) to two non-composted broiler chicken litter-based organic fertilizers, 4-2-2 and 3-3-3, and one commonly used synthetic controlled-release fertilizer, 14-14-14. In both experiments, fertilizer 4-2-2 was applied at four rates of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 6% (by volume); 3-3-3 was applied at four rates of 1.34%, 2.67%, 5.34%, and 8.0% (by volume); and 14-14-14 was applied at rates of 0.99, 1.98, 3.96, and 5.94 kg·m−3. In general, substrate containing different rates and types of fertilizers had a pH within the recommended range of 5.0 to 6.5. Electrical conductivity (EC) was similar among substrates containing different rates of 14-14-14; however, EC increased with increasing fertilizer rate for substrates containing 4-2-2 and 3-3-3. Substrate EC within each treatment was generally higher earlier in the experiment. For the fertilizer rates used in these two experiments, increasing 14-14-14 fertilizer rate increased plant growth and flowering performance. However, low to intermediate rates of 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 in general produced the highest plant growth index, shoot dry weight, number of flowers per plant, total flower dry weight, and root rating. Plants grown at high rates of 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 showed symptoms associated with excessive fertilization. Plant tissue nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations increased linearly or quadratically with increasing fertilizer rates for all three fertilizers. In general, plants receiving 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 had higher concentrations of N, P, and K than plants receiving 14-14-14. Results from this study indicated that broiler litter-based 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 have the potential to be used as organic fertilizer sources for container production of marigolds in greenhouses. However, growers need to be cautious with the rate applied. Because different crops may respond differently to these natural fertilizers, it is important for growers to test any new fertilizers before incorporating them into their production practices.

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“…Bulk substrate EC was measured by inserting the EC probe directly into the substrate to a depth of %5 cm. The data thus represent the combined EC of the solid components, the pore solution, and the gaseous phase in the substrate (see Scoggins and van Iersel, 2006 for a more detailed discussion of the difference between bulk substrate EC and solution EC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Chloride Effects on Growth, Morphology, and Physiology of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum ×morifolium)

Lee¹,

Iersel²

2008

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As a result of the decreasing availability of high-quality irrigation water, salinity tolerance of greenhouse crops is of increasing importance. Saline irrigation water can have many negative effects on plants, but also has the potential to act as a growth regulator because of its ability to reduce plant height. To determine the effects of NaCl in the irrigation water on the growth, physiology, and nutrient uptake of chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Ramat.), plants were watered with solutions with different NaCl concentrations (0, 1, 3, 6, or 9 g·L−1). Plants receiving 9 g·L−1 NaCl had a 76% reduction in shoot dry weight, a 90% reduction in stomatal conductance (g S), and a 4-day delay in flowering compared with control plants. Chrysanthemums receiving 1 g·L−1 NaCl had a 4-cm reduction in height with only a small reduction in shoot dry weight. Stomatal conductance and transpiration were reduced by more than 60% by NaCl concentrations of 1 g·L−1 as compared with control plants. The combination of a small reduction in dry weight and a large decrease in transpiration resulted in increased water use efficiency when plants received 1 g·L−1 NaCl. Concentrations of 3 g·L−1 NaCl or higher resulted in poor-quality plants either as a result of wilting of the leaves (3 g·L−1) or severely stunted plants (6 and 9 g·L−1). Our findings indicate that chrysanthemums can be grown successfully with 1 g·L−1 NaCl in the irrigation water without negative impacts on plant quality. This has important implications for the greenhouse industry as the availability of nonsaline water decreases. Saline water may be more readily available and can have the added benefit of reduced plant height, which is an important quality characteristic for floriculture crops.

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In Situ Probes for Measurement of Electrical Conductivity of Soilless Substrates: Effects of Temperature and Substrate Moisture Content

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Visualization and quantification of peat substrate moisture by fully automated moisture controlling system (SMCS) in forest container nursery

Visualization and quantification of peat substrate moisture by fully automated moisture controlling system (SMCS) in forest container nursery

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Marigold Growth and Flowering

Sodium Chloride Effects on Growth, Morphology, and Physiology of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum ×morifolium)

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