“…Bi 2 S 3 nanoparticles have been made using a variety of techniques, including ultrasonic method, 6 microwave-assisted route, 7 photochemical synthesis method, 8 thermal decomposition, 9 and solvothermal/hydrothermal processes. 10 The nonaqueous techniques for Bi 2 S 3 NP synthesis have many disadvantages as they require complex instruments, costly solvents and templates, powerful surfactants, and high reaction temperatures. Furthermore, since biomedical research is conducted in water as a solvent, the nonaqueous Bi 2 S 3 NPs have practical limits in a variety of applications, particularly in the field of biomedicine.…”