In situ structure of intestinal apical surface reveals nanobristles on microvilli

Zhu, Hao; Li, Meijing; Zhao, Ruixue; Li, Ming; Chai, Yunpeng; Zhu, Zhiwen; Yang, Yihong; Li, Wei; Xie, Zhongyun; Li, Xiaomin; Lei, Kexin; Li, Xueming; Ou, Guangshuo

doi:10.1073/pnas.2122249119

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent study using cryo-electron tomography identified "nanobristles" extending laterally from the shafts of intestinal microvilli in C. elegans (Zhu et al, 2022). Although nanobristles from adjacent cells are not in contact, they still function in intermicrovillar spacing.…”

Section: Brush Border Intermicrovillar Linksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphological and functional diversity of apical microvilli

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensory neurons use specialized apical processes to perceive external stimuli and monitor internal body conditions. The apical apparatus can include cilia, microvilli, or both, and is adapted for the functions of the particular cell type. Photoreceptors detect light through a large, modified cilium (outer segment), that is supported by a surrounding ring of microvilli-like calyceal processes (CPs). Although first reported 150 years ago, CPs remain poorly understood. As a basis for future study, we therefore conducted a review of existing literature about sensory cell microvilli, which can act either as the primary sensory detector or as support for a cilia-based detector. While all microvilli are finger-like cellular protrusions with an actin core, the processes vary across cell types in size, number, arrangement, dynamics, and function. We summarize the current state of knowledge about CPs and the characteristics of the microvilli found on inner ear hair cells (stereocilia) and cerebral spinal fluid-contacting neurons, with comparisons to the brush border of the intestinal and renal epithelia. The structure, stability, and dynamics of the actin core are regulated by a complement of actin-binding proteins, which includes both common components and unique features when compared across cell types. Further, microvilli are often supported by lateral links, a glycocalyx, and a defined extracellular matrix, each adapted to the function and environment of the cell. Our comparison of microvillar features will inform further research into how CPs support photoreceptor function, and also provide a general basis for investigations into the structure and functions of apical microvilli found on sensory neurons.

show abstract

Section: Brush Border Intermicrovillar Linksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphological and functional diversity of apical microvilli

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to de novo growth, new “daughter” microvilli also grow from preexisting “mother” protrusions ( Gaeta et al. , 2021a ), generating branched intermediates similar in appearance to the “forked” microvilli observed on the surfaces of diverse epithelial tissues ( Tilney and Cardell, 1970 ; Zhu et al. , 2022 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BioID2 screening identifies KIAA1671 as an EPS8 proximal factor that marks sites of microvillus growth

Gaeta

Tyska

2023

MBoC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microvilli are defining morphological features of the apical surface in diverse epithelial tissues. To develop our understanding of microvilli biogenesis, we used a biotin proximity labeling approach to uncover new molecules enriched near EPS8, a well-studied marker of the microvillus distal tip compartment. Mass spectrometry of biotinylated hits identified KIAA1671, a large (∼200 kDa), disordered, and previously uncharacterized protein. Based on immunofluorescent staining and expression of fluorescent protein tagged constructs, we found KIAA1671 localizes to the base of the brush border in native intestinal tissue and polarized epithelial cell culture models, as well as dynamic actin-rich structures in unpolarized, non-epithelial cell types. Live imaging also revealed that during the early stages of microvillar growth, KIAA1671 colocalizes with EPS8 in diffraction-limited puncta. However, once elongation of the core bundle begins, these two factors separate, with EPS8 tracking the distal end and KIAA1671 remaining behind at the base of the structure. These results suggest KIAA1671 cooperates with EPS8 and potentially other assembly factors to initiate growth of microvilli on the apical surface. These findings offer new details on how transporting epithelial cells build the brush border and may inform our understanding of how apical specializations are assembled in other epithelial contexts. [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text]

show abstract

“…In our cryo-FIB/cryo-ET study, preservation of nanoscale biological structures through vitrification converged with three-dimensional image processing techniques to provide an unprecendented view of the nanoscale environment of the Jurkat cell surface. Other recent studies have demonstrated the power of the cryo-FIB/cryo-ET platform to reveal additional complexity to biological structures such as microvilli despite decades of structural analysis by conventional EM (36). The affinity capture system improves sample usability, reducing the cost and preparation time required to prepare cellular samples for cryo-FIB/cryo-ET.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular filaments revealed by affinity capture cryo-electron tomography of lymphocytes

Engel

Zaoralova

Dunn

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cryogenic-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has provided an unprecedented glimpse into the nanoscale architecture of cells by combining cryogenic preservation of biological structures with electron tomography. Micropatterning of extracellular matrix proteins is increasingly used as a method to prepare adherent cell types for cryo-ET as it promotes optimal positioning of cells and subcellular regions of interest for vitrification, cryo-focused ion beam (cryo-FIB) milling, and data acquisition. Here we demonstrate a micropatterning workflow for capturing minimally adherent cell types, human T-cells and Jurkat cells, for cryo-FIB and cryo-ET. Our affinity capture system facilitated the nanoscale imaging of Jurkat cells, revealing extracellular filamentous structures. It improved workflow efficiency by consistently producing grids with a sufficient number of well-positioned cells for an entire cryo-FIB session. Affinity capture can be extended to facilitate high resolution imaging of other adherent and non-adherent cell types with cryo-ET.

show abstract

In situ structure of intestinal apical surface reveals nanobristles on microvilli

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

The morphological and functional diversity of apical microvilli

The morphological and functional diversity of apical microvilli

BioID2 screening identifies KIAA1671 as an EPS8 proximal factor that marks sites of microvillus growth

Extracellular filaments revealed by affinity capture cryo-electron tomography of lymphocytes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About