In Situ Studies of Spore Production and Dispersal in the Giant Kelp, Macrocystis

Anderson, Einar K.; North, Wheeler J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-011841-3.50011-2

Cited by 70 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other studies of spore dispersal in marine algae have found a much more restricted dispersal: on the order of five meters from the parent plant (Anderson & North, 1966;Dayton, 1973;Paine, 1979;Deysher & Norton, 1981). The observed rate of spread of Sargassum muticum suggested that this species possessed a long distance dispersal mechanism in addition to the short distance dispersal observed for germlings (Deysher & Norton, 1981}.…”

Section: Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 84%

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

Innes

1984

Helgoländer Meeresunters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most of the information for genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae is from studies on ecotypic variation. Physiological ecotypes have been described for individuals showing different responses to temperature and salinity conditions. Morphological ecotypes have also been found associated with areas differing in wave exposure or different intertidal positions. Little is known on how genetic variation is organized within and between populations of marine algae. The occurrence of ecotypic variation in some species is evidence for genetic differentiation among populations resulting from selection by the local environment. The rate of dispersal and subsequent gene flow will also affect the level of differentiation among populations. In species with low dispersal, differentiation can arise through chance founder events or random genetic drift. The few studies available have shown that species of algae exhibit a range of dispersal capabilities. This information can be useful for predicting the potential level of genetic differentiation among populations of these species. Crossing experiments with several species of algae have shown that populations separated by a considerable distance can be inteffertile. In some cases individuals from these populations have been found to be morphologically distinct. Crosses have been used to study the genetic basis of this variation and are evidence for genetic differentiation among the populations sampled. Genetic variation of enzyme proteins detected by electrophoresis provides an additional method for measuring genetic variation within and between populations of marine algae. Etectrophoretic methods have previously been used to study systematic problems in algae. However, there have been few attempts to use electrophoretic variation to study the genetic structure of populations of marine algae. This approach is outlined and includes some of the potential problems associated with interpreting electrophoretic data. Studies of electrophoretic variation in natural populations of Enteromorpha linza from Long Island Sound are used as an example. This species was found to reproduce only asexually. Despite a dispersing spore stage, genetic differentiation was found on a microgeographic scale and was correlated with differences in the local environment of some of the populations. Similar studies on other species, and especially sexually reproducing species, will add to a growing understanding of the evolutionary genetics of marine algae.

show abstract

Section: Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 84%

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

Innes

1984

Helgoländer Meeresunters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The dispersal of this alga can be achieved by microscopic spores (zoospores) or by transport of large sporophytes that become dislodged and set adrift (Reed et al 2006). The dispersal capacity of kelp spores is restricted, and they are rarely transported effectively over distances exceeding a few meters (Anderson & North 1966, Dayton 1973. Long-distance dispersal has been suggested for M. pyrifera zoospores by Reed et al (2004Reed et al ( , 2006; however, recent evidence suggests that floating adult kelp are more likely to be important in long-distance dispersal (Macaya et al 2005, Hernán-dez-Carmona et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera along the southeastern Pacific

Macaya¹,

Zuccarello²

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Dispersal distances of propagules of marine algae have usually been inferred from distributions of recruits (Anderson & North 1966, Hruby & Norton 1979, Deysher & Norton 1982, Kennelly & Larkum 1983, Hoffmann & Ugarte 1985, Reed et al 1988. The distribution of recruits, however, includes factors other than variable dispersal (Harper 1977, Connell 1985.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of propagule settlement density and adult canopy on survival of recruits of Sargassum spp. (Sargassaceae: Phaeophyta)

Kendrick¹

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of increased densities of settled propagules and the presence of adults on survlval of recruits were lnvest~gated to determine whether patterns of propagule settlement would pelslst and be expressed as distribution of recruits for Sargassum spln~lllgeru~n S d~s t l c h u n~ and S podacanthum in a subtidal mixed specles bed at Rottnest Island, Western Australia The effect of highei densities of settled propagules (recruit-recruit lnteractions) was studied uslng l~mestone settlement plates seeded with known densities of propagules Density-dependent n~o r t a l~t y occurred at settlement densities < 105 propagules m A large component of recruit mortality was density independent (57 "/;> of total mortality) Vanabllity in recruit survival at any one settlement density was also great Growth of recruits was negatively density dependent Two distinct sizes of recru~ts were observed (< 10 and > 10 mm in height) The effect of adult canopy (recruit-adult interactions) on recruit sur\ilval was studied using a cleanng expenment where adult thalli were removed from 4 m2areas For the flrst 6 mo the presence of adults had llttle effect on recruit survival Aftei 6 mo, the presence of adults leduced recruit suivival3-fold and surv~val was highly vanable either under canopies or in cleared areas Distr~butions of dispersed propagules can persist as distnbutions of adults ivlthin beds of Sargassum spp at Rottnest Island More likely this would happen where patches within the bed are recolonized or where the bed is extended at ~t s edges, because orders of m a g n~t u d e differences in density of settled propagules would occur in these areas over dlstanccs of meters Recruit survival at densities < lo5 ind m-' are equally influenced by density-dependent and density-independent processes Presence of adult canopy reduces survival of recruits > 6 mo old, but the amount that survi\~al is reduced by canopy is not within the same range as differences in denslty of propagule settlement The causes of high densityindependent mortality and its effect on patterns of propagule settlement need to be studied further

show abstract

In Situ Studies of Spore Production and Dispersal in the Giant Kelp, Macrocystis

Cited by 70 publications

References 2 publications

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

Genetic structure of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera along the southeastern Pacific

Effects of propagule settlement density and adult canopy on survival of recruits of Sargassum spp. (Sargassaceae: Phaeophyta)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About