In-situ synchrotron GIXRD study of passive film evolution on duplex stainless steel in corrosive environment

Örnek, Cem; Långberg, Marie; Evertsson, Jonas; Harlow, Gary S.; Linpé, Weronica; Rullik, Lisa; Carlà, Francesco; Felici, Roberto; Bettini, Eleonora; Kivisäkk, Ulf; Lundgren, Edvin; Pan, Jinshan

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2018.06.040

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Using this approach, it is possible to correlate the chemical information of the passive film as well as its changes caused by the electrochemical reactions (anodic oxide growth and/or dissolution) to the microstructural features, e.g., individual phases or even grains of the duplex stainless steel. Such knowledge will provide a scientific explanation for the experimental observations of the difference in the relative nobility and the selective dissolution of specific phases, 18,[23][24][25][26][27][28] thus contribute to a fundamental understanding of the corrosion mechanism of such alloys. Since advanced multicomponents alloys used today possess multi-phase microstructures, this method is valuable in the study of localized corrosion behavior of the alloys.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Native Oxide and Passive Film on Austenite/Ferrite Phases of Duplex Stainless Steel Using Synchrotron HAXPEEM

Långberg¹,

Örnek²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A new measurement protocol was used for microscopic chemical analysis of surface oxide films with lateral resolution of 1 μm. The native air-formed oxide and an anodic passive film on austenite and ferrite phases of a 25Cr-7Ni super duplex stainless steel were investigated using synchrotron hard X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (HAXPEEM). Pre-deposited Pt-markers, in combination with electron backscattering diffraction mapping (EBSD), allowed analysis of the native oxide on individual grains of the two phases and the passive film formed on the same area after electrochemical polarization of the sample. The results showed a certain difference in the composition of the surface films between the two phases. For the grains with (001) crystallographic face // sample surface, the native oxide film on the ferrite contained more Cr oxide than the austenite. Anodic polarization up to 1000 mV/ Ag/AgCl in 1M NaCl solution at room temperature resulted in a growth of the Cr-and Fe-oxides, diminish of Cr-hydroxide, and an increased proportion of Fe 3+ species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Native Oxide and Passive Film on Austenite/Ferrite Phases of Duplex Stainless Steel Using Synchrotron HAXPEEM

Långberg¹,

Örnek²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The chromia in the passive film of the investigated DSS has been earlier demonstrated to be nanocrystalline and to be composed of a metal oxide/hydroxide mixture, consisting mainly of Fe and Cr but also some Mo and Mn species. 6 Chromia has a p-type semiconductor property, and a high work function of ≈5 eV was reported for Cr 2 O 3 (0001). 26 The passive film of stainless steels is known to be composed of an outer iron-rich oxide, mainly Fe 2 O 3 and Fe(OH) 2 /Fe(OH) 3 , and an inner chromiumrich oxide, often stated as Cr 2 O 3 and Cr(OH) 3 , with also some molybdenum as well as silicon species.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitric Acid Oxidation On the Passive Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In earlier work, it was shown that the native passive film on the studied alloy gets more defective upon anodic polarisation from its passive to transpassive potential regime in 1 M NaCl solution, and becomes thicker and changes its composition and structure. 6 Marcus et al reported passive films of stainless steels to be amorphous at the onset of oxidation and becoming crystalline by time. 23,28,29 It is therefore likely that the passive film after immersion in nitric acid became amorphous but had the tendency to transform to a crystalline structure as indicated by the change of the Volta potential by time.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitric Acid Oxidation On the Passive Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface oxide can be further protective under anodic polarisation (noble potentials) and sustain low anodic current densities, significantly retarding metal dissolution. 5,6 Surface oxides/hydroxides usually increase the nobility and hence the resistance to corrosion. 4,6 The passive film is usually a semiconducting oxide layer having n-or p-type semiconductor properties, with n-type oxides typically being less resistive to corrosion than p-type oxides due to the Fermi level position situating closer to the conductive band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Surface oxides/hydroxides usually increase the nobility and hence the resistance to corrosion. 4,6 The passive film is usually a semiconducting oxide layer having n-or p-type semiconductor properties, with n-type oxides typically being less resistive to corrosion than p-type oxides due to the Fermi level position situating closer to the conductive band. 7 There are a variety of ways to characterise surface oxides in terms of understanding the propensity of a metal to corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passive film characterisation of duplex stainless steel using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy in combination with electrochemical measurements

2019

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The characterisation of passive oxide films on heterogeneous microstructures is needed to assess local degradation (corrosion, cracking) in aggressive environments. The Volta potential is a surface-sensitive parameter which can be used to assess the surface nobility and hence passive films. In this work, it is shown that the Volta potential, measured on super duplex stainless steel by scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy, correlates with the electrochemical properties of the passive film, measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarisation. Natural oxidation by ageing in ambient air as well as artificial oxidation by immersion in concentrated nitric acid improved the nobility, both reflected by increased Volta potentials and electrochemical parameters. Passivation was associated with vanishing of the inherent Volta potential difference between the ferrite and austenite, thereby reducing the galvanic coupling and hence improving the corrosion resistance of the material. Hydrogen-passive film interactions, triggered by cathodic polarisation, however, largely increased the Volta potential difference between the phases, resulting in loss of electrochemical nobility, with the ferrite being more affected than the austenite. A correlative approach of using the Volta potential in conjunction with electrochemical data has been introduced to characterise the nobility of passive films in global and local scale.

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A rapid corrosion screening technique for grade 2707 hyper‐duplex stainless steel at ambient temperature

Zhou,

Cao,

Mahmood

et al. 2023

Materials & Corrosion

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The pitting corrosion behaviour of 27%Cr–7%Ni (2707) hyper‐duplex stainless steel (HDSS) at ambient temperature has been assessed using a novel bipolar electrochemistry test set‐up. Application of this technique generates a linear potential gradient at the surface of the HDSS 2707 test piece, which allows assessment of the pitting corrosion behaviour at ambient temperature. Pit nucleation and associated growth kinetics can be obtained and characterised. To assess pitting corrosion in high‐alloyed HDSS, the normal bipolar test method had to be modified by superimposing an auxiliary potential. This new test set‐up was demonstrated by characterising the nucleation of pits and associated pit growth kinetics. The latter occurred either at austenite/ferrite interphase or inside ferrite phase, with pit growth within the ferrite phase in the HCl environment.

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In-situ synchrotron GIXRD study of passive film evolution on duplex stainless steel in corrosive environment

Cited by 40 publications

References 21 publications

Characterization of Native Oxide and Passive Film on Austenite/Ferrite Phases of Duplex Stainless Steel Using Synchrotron HAXPEEM

Characterization of Native Oxide and Passive Film on Austenite/Ferrite Phases of Duplex Stainless Steel Using Synchrotron HAXPEEM

Passive film characterisation of duplex stainless steel using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy in combination with electrochemical measurements

A rapid corrosion screening technique for grade 2707 hyper‐duplex stainless steel at ambient temperature

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