In Situ Synthesis of a Sandwich-like Graphene@ZIF-67 Heterostructure for Highly Sensitive Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing in Human Serums

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively studied in recent years due to their tunable porosity, huge specific area, and controllable structure. The rich metal centers and large specific area have endowed MOFs with excellent electrochemical activity due to the multiple valence states, but the poor electronic conductivity of MOFs seriously impedes their electrocatalytic performance. Here, a polyhedral Co-based zeolite imidazole frame [Co­(mim)2] n (denoted as ZIF-67, mim = 2-methylimidazole) is in situ loaded on the two sides of physically exfoliated graphene nanosheets (GSs) at room temperature, and sandwich-like GS@ZIF-67 hybrids with an ordered nanostructure are easily obtained. Compared with each individual component, the as-synthesized GS@ZIF-67 hybrids exhibit higher electrochemical activity toward glucose oxidation. Besides, the hierarchical nanocomposites also show better electrocatalytic performance compared with the same ratio of a physical mixture of GSs and ZIF-67, further demonstrating the synergistic effect between ZIF-67 and GSs. Thus, a highly sensitive nonenzymatic glucose electrochemical sensor is proposed with a linear range of 1–805.5 μM, sensitivity of 1521.1 μA Mm–1 cm–2, detection limit of 0.36 μM (S/N = 3), and excellent stability and selectivity. More importantly, the newly fabricated sensor is also successfully applied for glucose determination in human serums with satisfactory results, suggesting its promising potential toward glucose detection in real samples.

Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived Nickel/Cobalt‐Based Nanohybrids for Sensing Non‐Enzymatic Glucose

“…[11][12][13][14] Electrochemical technology is a promising candidate for the determination of glucose concentration owing to its rapid responsiveness, high sensitivity, low cost, long-term stability, and operability. [15] There are two types of electrocatalytic glucose sensors: enzyme sensors and nonenzyme sensors. Enzymatic sensors have the advantages of rapid responsiveness and high selectivity.…”

The role of l-histidine as molecular tongs: a strategy of grasping Tb3+ using ZIF-8 to design sensors for monitoring an anthrax biomarker on-the-spot

“…[15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The mild synthesis conditions, structural diversity, large specic surface area, high porosity, and high aqueous stability of ZIFs have made them very attractive for biochemical applications. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However, ZIFs lack high affinity binding sites for lanthanides, so the interaction between them is not strong enough to form a stable complex, which limits their application as a host matrix for composite lanthanide-doping nanoparticles. In order to take advantage of MOF porosity and lanthanide spectral properties to construct a stable sensing platform, design of functionalized ZIFs with binding sites for lanthanides is one of the effective strategies.…”

Self-template formation of porous Co3O4hollow nanoprisms for non-enzymatic glucose sensing in human serum

“…[1][2][3] As an essential biological molecule in blood, glucose can provide energy to maintain normal activities. 4 The glucose level in the blood is controlled by a peptide hormone, insulin, and yet, once the insulin secretions are disrupted, human diabetes will be caused. 5 As a result, the precise and rapid determination of glucose concentration is of importance for the healthy development of society and human beings.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11] Particularly, electrochemical sensors have drawn attention. 4,12,13 In general, the classic enzymatic glucose biosensors like glucose oxidase (GO x )-based sensors have been developed for glucose monitoring with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity, but the disadvantages derived from the intrinsic nature of enzymes restrict their practical application. 14 In order to address these problems, massive efforts have been devoted to developing non-enzymatic glucose biosensors with the aid of electrocatalysts, which have the benets of rapid response speed, good stability, simple fabrication and low cost.…”