“…The energy density and power density of the NPHCS@PPy//NPC LIC were calculated based on the GCD profiles and depicted in the Ragone plot (Figure 4E). The device achieves a high energy density of 145 W h kg −1 at a power density of 225 W kg −1 and still retains a decent energy density of 59 W h kg −1 even at a high power density of 22,500 W kg −1 , which are superior to previously reported LICs, such as N-doped porous carbon (NPC)//NPC (Zou et al, 2020), High-defect mesoporedominant porous carbon (HDMPC)//HDMPC (Niu et al, 2018), Fe 3 O 4 @C//CNT@PPy (Han et al, 2019), MnO@C// Porous carbon (PC) (Yan et al, 2018), ZnSe@CoSe 2 @C@Ndoped carbon (NC)//AC (Chen et al, 2020), Pre-lithiated graphene (PG)//AC (Ren et al, 2014), TiNb 2 O 7 @C//Carbon fibers (CFs) (Wang and Shen, 2015), Porous carbon frameworks (PCF)//PCF (Qian et al, 2021) (Cheng et al, 2019), MnNCN//AC (Liu et al, 2017) and Co 3 ZnC@N-doped carbon (NC)// Mesoporous carbon (MC) (Zhu et al, 2018). The detail comparison are shown in Supplementary Table S1.…”